Understanding Newton's Cradle: Explaining the Movement of Middle Balls

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the mechanics of Newton's Cradle, particularly the behavior of the middle balls during collisions. When a raised ball strikes the nearest stationary ball, it transfers momentum, resulting in the furthest ball moving while the middle balls initially remain stationary. Over time, the middle balls begin to move due to the transfer of energy and momentum, despite the ideal conservation laws being challenged in real-world scenarios. The conversation emphasizes the importance of understanding momentum conservation and energy transfer in this context.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion
  • Familiarity with the concepts of momentum and kinetic energy
  • Basic knowledge of energy transfer mechanisms
  • Ability to analyze physical systems using conservation laws
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  • Research the principles of momentum conservation in elastic collisions
  • Explore energy transfer in mechanical systems, focusing on Newton's Cradle
  • Study real-world applications of Newton's laws in engineering
  • Investigate the effects of friction and air resistance on momentum transfer
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Physics students, educators, and anyone interested in the mechanics of motion and energy transfer in systems like Newton's Cradle.

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Homework Statement


http://www.lhup.edu/~dsimanek/scenario/Newton.htm

This is a good animation of how Newton's Cradle works

There was a question in an exam paper, Ed Jan 2011.

A student obsereved that when the raised ball collided weith the nearest stationary ball and stops. The ball furthest to the right moves away and the three middle balls remain stationairy. As time progressed the middle balls are also observed to be moving.

My question is: why initially don't the middle balls appear to move but eventually they do appear to move?

thanks


Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution


Ok so I understand that, in an ideal world, momentum and KE conservation dictate that however many balls are raised, that number of balls rise on collision.
However, this situation is not ideal and I cannot see how MOMENTUM conservation works
I know we are transferring energy to sound/internal energy of balls but how is momentum consereved (even when the balls stop) and why is the above situation fairly accurate?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
That same website has a good explanation of what's involved:

http://www.lhup.edu/~dsimanek/scenario/cradle.htm
 

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