Underwater Lightbulb Optical Illusion - Reflection/Refraction of Light

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SUMMARY

The optical illusion observed when viewing a lightbulb underwater is primarily due to the refraction of light as it transitions from water to glass and then to air. The index of refraction plays a crucial role in this phenomenon, causing the lightbulb to appear clear from the outside while maintaining an opaque white appearance on the inside. The curvature of the glass further contributes to the perception of thickness, enhancing the illusion. The opaque coating of the lightbulb does not influence this effect, as it lacks a defined index of refraction.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of light refraction principles
  • Familiarity with the concept of the index of refraction
  • Knowledge of optical properties of materials, specifically glass and water
  • Basic grasp of how light interacts with curved surfaces
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the index of refraction for various materials, including water and glass
  • Explore the principles of light refraction and Snell's Law
  • Study optical illusions related to light and perception
  • Investigate the effects of curvature on light transmission through different mediums
USEFUL FOR

Students studying optics, physics enthusiasts, and anyone interested in the principles of light behavior in different mediums.

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Homework Statement



"Provide a true explanation for what you see as you look at a lightbulb underwater"

(See the attached Image)

What you see:
Out of water -> white opaque light bulb
Underwater -> clear outside, opaque white inside


Homework Equations



N/A

The Attempt at a Solution


I think this has something to do with refraction of light and the index of refraction of the coating of the lightbulb.

Thanks for you help!
 

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Physics news on Phys.org
The refraction of light from water to a curved glass then to air might cause the glass of the light bulb to look thicker. An optically opaque coating has no index of refraction of meaning, and is not part of the explanation.
 

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