Vacuum energy-fundamental particle

I am wondering if there is an existing hypothesis that suggests the most fundamental building block of energy being vacuum pockets rather than waves, or solid particles? Are there any equations that describe time as a differential? What are the current methods for calculating the mass of a proton, or neutron, or the total vacuum energy of an individual quark?

 

I know the rules, I had to ask my questions in a very specific manner so I would not break those rules. Your question about time being a differential. Arc length divided by distance traveled in z plain gives you the appropriate differential model. Any more details on that and I would break the rules.