Wave of an outgoing anti-particle in quantum field theory?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the interpretation of wave functions for incoming particles and outgoing anti-particles in Quantum Field Theory (QFT). The participant references a textbook that states terms with ei(p⋅x - Ept) represent incoming particles, while terms with ei(-p⋅x + Ept) correspond to outgoing anti-particles. The confusion arises when the real part of the outgoing anti-particle wave function, Re[ei(-p⋅x + Ept)], appears identical to that of the incoming particle. The conversation clarifies that in QFT, anti-particles possess distinct wave functions, negating the need for Dirac's sea interpretation.

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  • Understanding of Quantum Field Theory (QFT)
  • Familiarity with canonical quantization of scalar fields
  • Knowledge of wave functions and their representations
  • Concept of natural units in physics
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goodphy
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Hello.

I'm studying a course of the Quantum Field Theory and I got a question in a canonical quantization of a scalar field.

I don't write a full expression of the field quantization here but the textbook said terms with ei(p⋅x - Ept) are associated with an incoming particle and terms with ei(-p⋅x + Ept) are for an outgoing anti-particle (p is positive). Here, natural units are used so 3-dimensional momentum vector p is equal to the wavenumber.

Since my undergraduate student years, I have always agreed that ei(p⋅x - Ept) is a complex expression of an incoming (going right) wave since Re[ei(p⋅x - Ept)] = cos(p⋅x-Ept), which is obviously right-going wave. I thought If the wave of the particle (ex: an eigenfunction of the particle in the Quantum mechanics) propagates to the right, the particle itself really goes to the right.

However, If I take real part of ei(-p⋅x + Ept) (it is a phase factor of terms for the outgoing anti-particle) to see how a wave of the outgoing anti-particle propagates, Re[ei(-p⋅x + Ept)] = cos(-p⋅x+Ept)=cos(p⋅x-Ept), which is same to that of the incoming particle!

I think I have some misunderstood concepts in my mind but I don't know what it is.
Could you please tell me what was I wrong?
 
The textbook is sloppy and alludes to Dirac's sea interpretation of the negative energy solution in his (or the corresponding scalar) equation. In quantum field theory proper, however, there is no Dirac sea and the antiparticles have their own associated wave functions that behave as intuition (including yours) require.
 
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