The relationship between wavelength (λ) and the difference between consecutive resonant lengths (ΔL) for closed cylindrical air columns is defined by the principle that the wavelength is four times the length of the air column at its fundamental frequency. This principle applies to standing waves, where the closed end acts as a node and the open end as an antinode. For odd harmonics, the resonant lengths increase in increments of ΔL, which can be derived from the fundamental frequency equation. For detailed equations and relationships, refer to the HyperPhysics resource.
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