What Is the Correct Calculation for the Mass of the Sun?

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SUMMARY

The correct calculation for the mass of the Sun, based on the Earth's circular orbit with a radius of 1.5 x 108 km, utilizes Kepler's Law. The formula M = (4π2r3) / (GT2) is applied, where G is the gravitational constant. The accurate mass of the Sun is approximately 1.99 x 1030 kg, contradicting the erroneous assumption of 1040 kg. The confusion arose from misinterpretation of the formula and incorrect values sourced from external references.

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  • Understanding of Kepler's Laws of planetary motion
  • Familiarity with gravitational constant (G)
  • Ability to convert units (kilometers to meters)
  • Basic algebra for rearranging equations
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  • Study Kepler's Laws in detail, focusing on their applications in celestial mechanics
  • Learn about the gravitational constant (G) and its significance in astrophysics
  • Practice unit conversion techniques, particularly in astronomical contexts
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Astronomy students, astrophysicists, and educators seeking to understand the calculations involved in determining celestial masses and the application of Kepler's Laws.

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hey there, i am having trouble with what should be a really easy question!
*********
calculate the mass of the sun assuming that the Earth's orbit is circular
and with a radius of 1.5 * 10^8 km

i got the period of the Earth's orbit around the sun in seconds:
60*60*24*365.25

then used the formula:

T = ((4*Pi^2*r^3)/(G*M))^2

rearranging in terms of M

i change the radius of the orbit to metres instead of kilometres before putting
it into the formula.

but the answer i get is 1.9 * 10^30 kg
and i think the answer should be in the order of 10^40 kg

can anyone suggest where i might be going wrong?

thanks

Nik
 
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This is Kepler's Law

T^2 = \frac{4 \pi^2}{GM} r^3

rearranged into

M = \frac{4 \pi^2}{GT^2} r^3

now sub in and see what s wrong
 
i see i wrote the formula wrong in my original post!
i meant raised to the power of 1/2 at the very end.
i am still getting 2 * 10^30 as my answer..
this might be the correct answer and the question is just
unrealistic?

Nik
 
the question is not unrealistic, the mass of the sun is 1.99x10^30 kg the answer of the book of 10^40 is wrong (or you're looking at the wrong question)
 
ahh thank you! i found the value from a search on google :-S
it didnt even cross my mind that the value was wrong.

thank you very much!

Nik
 

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