What is the Densest Known Material?

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SUMMARY

The densest known material is a fluid of neutrons, as described in Sean Carroll's "Spacetime and Geometry." Current estimates indicate that the maximum possible neutron-star mass is around 3-4 solar masses, known as the Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit. Beyond this limit, the collapse of a neutron star is theorized to result in a black hole. Speculative suggestions for alternative dense materials include black stars, gravastars, fuzzballs, quark stars, boson stars, Q-balls, and electroweak stars.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of neutron stars and their properties
  • Familiarity with the Oppenheimer-Volkoff limit
  • Basic knowledge of black hole formation
  • Awareness of speculative astrophysical concepts
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  • Research black stars and their theoretical implications
  • Explore the concept of gravastars and their differences from black holes
  • Investigate the properties and formation of quark stars
  • Learn about fuzzballs and their role in string theory
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Astronomers, astrophysicists, and students interested in high-density materials and the theoretical limits of stellar evolution.

dm4b
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This is a question about something in Sean Carrol's Spacetime and Geometry text. I'll quote here:

" ... current estimates of the maximum possible neutron-star mass are around 3-4 Ms, the Oppenheimer-Volkofflimit. Since a fluid of neutrons is the densest material we know about (apart from some very speculative suggestions), it is believed that the outcome of such a collapse is a black hole"

I was just curious about the part in bold. Anybody familar with these "speculative suggestions".

Thanks
dm4b
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Try googling on some of the following: black stars, gravastars, fuzzballs, quark stars, boson stars, Q-balls, and electroweak stars.
 

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