What Is the Total Kinetic Energy in Equilibrium?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the total kinetic energy in a system at equilibrium, specifically using the mass distribution function M(r) = Mr^3/(r^2 + a^2)^(3/2) and the density function p(r) = 3Ma^2/(4π(r^2 + a^2)^(5/2)). The participant references the virial theorem, stating that total kinetic energy (K) is related to potential energy (U) by the equation K = -U/2. They derive that K = (3/2)Mσ², where σ represents the velocity dispersion of stars, but express uncertainty regarding the correct application of these formulas and units. The participant seeks clarification on deriving kinetic energy from potential energy.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the virial theorem in astrophysics
  • Familiarity with mass distribution and density functions
  • Knowledge of kinetic and potential energy relationships
  • Basic calculus for deriving equations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the virial theorem and its applications in astrophysics
  • Learn about mass distribution functions and their implications in gravitational systems
  • Explore the relationship between kinetic and potential energy in equilibrium systems
  • Review dimensional analysis to ensure unit consistency in physical equations
USEFUL FOR

Astronomy students, astrophysicists, and anyone studying gravitational systems and energy dynamics in equilibrium states will benefit from this discussion.

leonne
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Homework Statement


If the mass distribution is in equilibrium, what is the total kinetic energy? What
is the total energy

Homework Equations


The Attempt at a Solution


In the first part I was suppose to find the total potential with given
M(r)=Mr^3/(r^2+a2^)^3/2
p(r)=3Ma^2/4pie(r^2+a^2)^5/2
In my notes they have it as total kinetic =3/2 M o2 o is velocity dispersion of stars
but not sure what to do with that

Edit looking at the last part of the problem I would need to use the total kinetic forum they give also what I get for the total kinetics, I guess ill have to figure out how to find kinetic from potential any hints on this part? Going to try to figure it out later i know potential would equal to kinetic if there is no external force, but i don't think i can use that in this problem
 
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ok i think i figured it out after looking at notes notice that virial theorem is e=-k=u/2 so i am guessing how i derivated potential i just make it k=2pies G instead of u=-4pie G right?
 
ok seems like something is wrong the next part was to find velocity using the kinetic energy formula i got and k=3/2M o^2 (o is the radial velocity) so after going the calculation notice the formula i figured out is not right because the units i got for velocity is cm^2.2/s the formula i got for k is pie/2 G 3(M)2a2 pie/32 but I am pretty sure the formula should be right looking at the virial theorem any hints? thxs
 

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