When does the bead fly off the rod?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on a physics problem involving a rod of length L rotating in the X-Y plane with angular velocity ω, and a bead that starts at position r(0)=L/2 with an initial velocity of zero. The participants derive expressions for the bead's velocity and acceleration, specifically v(t)=\dot{r}\hat{r}+rω\hat{φ} and a(t)=(\ddot{r}-ω^{2}r)\hat{r}+(2ω\dot{r})\hat{φ}. The main question raised is whether the problem can be solved in the current coordinate system or if a transformation to r(φ) is necessary. The consensus is that polar coordinates are appropriate, and the differential equation needs to be clearly stated for further analysis.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of polar coordinates in physics
  • Familiarity with Newton's second law (F=ma)
  • Basic knowledge of differential equations
  • Concept of angular velocity and its implications in rotational motion
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  • Formulate and solve the differential equation for the bead's motion
  • Explore the implications of angular velocity on radial motion
  • Investigate the conditions under which the bead detaches from the rod
  • Review examples of similar problems in rotational dynamics
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Adoniram
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Homework Statement


A rod of length L is fixed at one end, and rotates in the X-Y plane with angular velocity ω. (To be clear, it is sweeping out an area of ##π (L/2)^{2}##.) A bead starts at position ##r(0)=L/2## with ##\dot{r}(0)=0##. Find ##r(t)## and the time it takes for the bead to fly off the end of the rod.

Homework Equations


##F=ma##

The Attempt at a Solution


First, I wanted to find an expression for the velocity of the bead in general:
##v(t)=\dot{r}\hat{r}+rω\hat{φ}##

Then I find the acceleration of such a situation:
##a(t)=(\ddot{r}-ω^{2}r)\hat{r}+(2ω\dot{r})\hat{φ}##

Then I need to apply the 2nd law and solve the diff eq. My question at this point is: Is this problem readily solvable in this coordinate system, or do I need to switch to something else like ##r(φ)## first?

I've played with a few attempts, and my best guess right now is:
##\dot{r}(t)=(L/2)e^{(ω/m)t}##
or
##\dot{r}(t)=(L/2)e^{(2ω/m)t}##

(and of course the position is just the integral of that)

But I'm not really confident on that answer...
 
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Adoniram said:

The Attempt at a Solution


First, I wanted to find an expression for the velocity of the bead in general:
##v(t)=\dot{r}\hat{r}+rω\hat{φ}##

Then I find the acceleration of such a situation:
##a(t)=(\ddot{r}-ω^{2}r)\hat{r}+(2ω\dot{r})\hat{φ}##

Then I need to apply the 2nd law and solve the diff eq.
OK

My question at this point is: Is this problem readily solvable in this coordinate system, or do I need to switch to something else like ##r(φ)## first?
Using polar coordinates is good. No, you do not need to express r as a function of angle.

I've played with a few attempts, and my best guess right now is:
##\dot{r}(t)=(L/2)e^{(ω/m)t}##
or
##\dot{r}(t)=(L/2)e^{(2ω/m)t}##

This solution does not satisfy ##\dot{r}(0)=0##. Also, the argument of the exponential should be dimensionless.

Can you state the differential equation that you need to solve?
 

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