Where would we be without the structure of time?

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The discussion centers on the fundamental nature of time and its critical role in structuring existence and life. Participants explore whether time could be considered a "god" due to its omnipresence in shaping our reality. The absence of time is speculated to lead to a lack of change, interaction, and ultimately life itself, as life is viewed as a system of interactions that depend on temporal cycles. Some argue that without time, concepts like motion, energy, and even space would be meaningless, while others suggest that a timeless universe could exist as a static 4D reality, where all moments coexist simultaneously. The dialogue delves into philosophical implications, questioning whether time is more fundamental than space, and whether change can exist without time. The conversation reflects a deep inquiry into the relationship between time, consciousness, and the fabric of reality, highlighting the complexities of understanding time's essence in both physical and existential contexts.
  • #61
Without time, we could not think. So it seems time is essential to our very existence, and that is one of the biggest problems with a static 4D universe I mention. We need "change" in our brains to perceive of changes elsewhere.
 
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  • #62
Originally posted by Eh
We deal with the relations of events. Like I said, in continuous time, an event is separated by a serious of events, which themselves can be broken into smaller events continuously.
Eh, we still can't get on the same page here.
I repeat, my main point is that there is no meaning for relation of rates of events if there is no comparison between duration of similar discrete events. Continuity doesn't change this the slightest. It only obfuscates this.

Given 2 chains of events: a) 1->2->3 and b) 1->2 where each change is precisely +1, we can say chain (a) has 2 times the rate of chain (b). BUT, if you don't have finite duration for each individual change, then there is no cause in principle WHY such finite rate difference can exist, why the rate ratio isn't infinite.
Its obvious that if we assign chain (b) duration=1 then chain (a) event 1->2 has duration 1/2. If we claim that there is no concept of duration for events, then we must assume that (b) duration =0 and (a) 1->2 duration=0/2=0. For correlation to be possible, duration of any event must be >0.

But you haven't defined time as anything beyond change, and so aren't really arguing anything. Like I said, loops do seem to have change as a fundamental property, and that seems to be enough to give us a working definition of time.
Of course, I haven't even tried. Whats the point in trying to define it if you don't even agree that there is merit in that. You CAN do without it as is obvious from our successes, but it gives birth to MANY mysterious properties instead of just few when dig into fundamentals. Things don't fit together easily.

Btw, maybe you can give working definition of 'change' through which you try to define time. As I see it, without underlying time there can be only one way: change is instantaneous, zero duration event, and as such, infinite amount of changes is possible for ANY other pair of relative discrete events.
The only way to get away without time is to postulate static 4D universe, where everything already is.

That doesn't give a definition of time, and as such is hardly an example of "change" being a circular definition itself. When we ask how fast something changes, we are always comparing it to our reference frame. Whether you want to take that notion and break time into discrete events that can vary, or a continuum is another story.
There is no 'our reference frame' without separate time. Every single fundamental event is separate frame. How can we compare anything at all if we don't have a 'glue', ground for finite ratios for difference of duration?

I understand exactly what you're saying, and this is similar to continuous space in geometry. Take a line, and you can divide it into an infinite number of smaller lines. But the line itself is ultimately an infinite collection of points, which themselves are zero dimensional. In fact, points have no existence without the line. Either a line or point without the continuum have no existence. You must have the infinity of the line in the first place, in order to go anywhere else. That's just the problem with continuous space.

The same will apply to continuous time.
Consider segment: -- when you take any segment of line, you can always divide it into 2 equal segments. You get 1 point that separates the segments. You can continue that infinitely. But always you will have 1 segment more than there are points. You take position that there are infinite amount of points and that therefore line consists of points, but that is misleading. Line consists of infinite amount of finite segments that are separated by imaginary points of coordinates. When you collapse segments to 0 length, you loose line and segments, and all that's left is single unique point. There is no way how you could get (in)finite amount of points between coordinates 0 and 0. Yet you can safely say that there are infinite amount of points and segments in a line or segment. Because in coordinate centric geometry you care about points, that becomes definition of line, ignoring segments as secondary.

Same with time. You speak of points in continuum of time, ignoring that you need to have segments. When you bend spacetime, you work with point coordinates, but infact are changing lengths of segments. While you make calculations of equations, it doesn't matter, points and segments are pretty much equivalent, but when you talk about definition of time concept, you can't confuse time coordinates for concept of time itself. To have points on time axis, you need to define segments too.

I propose that we should not ignore the segments as undefinable, but ponder about this, instead of just hiding them into properties of loops and defining that time is just points of the contiinum.

Finite value? Only relative to larger events.
Whatever. It (minimum time duration) just can't be zero.

A fundamental unit, by definition would be constant. Even so, if you want to argue for time without change, you'll need to define it first. Otherwise, you're not really arguing for anything.
Fundamental means undivisible into components with new properties. It doesn't mean constant. By your view field lines can't be fundamental, geometry can't be fundamental if can be curved. You talk about fundamental Constant, not fundamental unit of existence.

I am NOT arguing anything. You still don't get that all I'm doing is to try to make you consider that time has 2 aspects not one: one aspect is what we call change, event sequence whose relative rates we can detect and correlate, and other aspect that you so strongly want to ignore - aspect that is the REASON that different rates can exist at all. This aspect is present in all theories in some form, I only try to take it out for a review.

I'm saying that any defined fundamental unit in current theories can be split into distinct timeless properties, and their change dynamics, where latter can't be separated from concept of time.

How far have we gone from the claim that time cannot have any existence without space? I haven't seen any arguments that support either that, or the notion that time itself is more fundamental than space. As per my original claim, take away space and time would be gone with it.
Take away energy, and universe will be gone with it. What kind of argument is this? Of course space is crucial component of existence.

What is fundamental concept? That which is common to all things is fundamental. How many spacetimes can you construct? 1D, 3D, 32D? How many time dimensions can you introduce to make it dynamic? 1 is enough for any number of spatial dimensions. Time is common for spacetime with any number of dimensions, any kind of geometries. Time as concept is fundamental for any kind of dynamics.

Problem with space is that it isn't absolute. Any 2 distinguishable concepts can be immediately praised as 'space'. So when you say remove space, WHAT space are you talking about? Number space, 1D space, 32D space, fractal space, chess move space, hilbert space, thought space?
When I say "time makes space" I mean it quantifies single anything (incl continuum) into comparable finites. Flat or curved 3D space is only subset of many possible realities, and its time that makes distances comparable, ie illusion of uniformity and structure.

Singularity of existence whose property is unspecified finite time duration between changes (for eg. split into 2), will give rise to space of distinguishable points. Whether that space is geometric or is at some point perceived as geometric is secondary.
 
  • #63
This is getting us nowhere, mainly because we've drifted so far from the main point. There is no need for 1000 word essays on philosophical interpretations of discrete events, duration of events, line segments, etc. if we can't even get past the initial argument.

So once more, my claim is that without space (wilson loops or whatever) time has no existence. Take away the field, and time would disappear with it. Do you at least agree with that?
 
  • #64
Originally posted by Eh
This is getting us nowhere, mainly because we've drifted so far from the main point. There is no need for 1000 word essays on philosophical interpretations of discrete events, duration of events, line segments, etc. if we can't even get past the initial argument.
My experience shows that compressed writing leads to deep misunderstandings. You discarding my effort makes me afraid you want to turn this into closedminded discussion.
At such levels philosophical approach is unavoidable, imo. My disagreement with initial argument is the result of such philosophical ideas.

So once more, my claim is that without space (wilson loops or whatever) time has no existence.
disagree, for sake of this thread. Its conventional assumption and I'm not trying to be a crackpot, but I'm bringing it up to think about it.

Take away the field, and time would disappear with it. Do you at least agree with that?
It depends. Your question is leading. Seems you are not willing to look at it from other perspective.

Your question must be answered yes, BUT, you shall not assume it obvious that therefore time is merely result of field and space. My point is that time is causing dynamic field/space formation, therefore if you remove dynamic field/space, you are not removing cause of time, but infact result of existence of time. In effect, you are removing time.

I'm suggesting you to split time in two, a cause of dynamics, and 2nd as measure of time. Equally, you can realize that we can talk about distinct things: conceptual static field, and 2nd, dynamic changing reality where models with static fields are applied and compared with observation. I claim that this same time concept is present in any theory as hidden axiom. Why not expose it?
to you
 
  • #65
Originally posted by wimms
My experience shows that compressed writing leads to deep misunderstandings. You discarding my effort makes me afraid you want to turn this into closedminded discussion.

Well actually, I'm trying to condense it because I don't feel my argument is all that complicated. It's not that the deeper issues of time aren't worth discussing, (they are) but the issue of how fundamental time actual is, seems to be a much clearer case. See what I mean below.

Your question must be answered yes, BUT, you shall not assume it obvious that therefore time is merely result of field and space. My point is that time is causing dynamic field/space formation, therefore if you remove dynamic field/space, you are not removing cause of time, but infact result of existence of time. In effect, you are removing time.

Ok, here is the the crux of the issue. If time cannot exist without the field (which means it can't exist without space) then I don't see how anyone could possibly justify that claim that time is more fundamental than space. This is especially true if I can always point to a logically consistent model of space where nothing happens. That is, I can define space without time. Can we consistently describe a spaceless universe where time still exists? It seems not.

That's really all there is too it, in terms of fundementals. If you want to say that time is not just an optional function of spaces in the real world, but is a fundamental property of the field as much as space, that's no problem. But I don't see how one can claim that time is somehow more fundamental than space, since you can't have it without.
 
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  • #66
Originally posted by Eh
Ok, here is the the crux of the issue. If time cannot exist without the field (which means it can't exist without space) then I don't see how anyone could possibly justify that claim that time is more fundamental than space. This is especially true if I can always point to a logically consistent model of space where nothing happens. That is, I can define space without time. Can we consistently describe a spaceless universe where time still exists? It seems not.
I understand what you mean, and here lies one confusing difficulty with time. When you say you can have timeless universe, you actually won't have our universe. It can be vast, but it'll be static, no dynamics at all. Its not what we have. To have honest comparison, you'd have to allow for spaceless universe where time exists - it could be unstructured, void, but it is not logically inconsistent. It'd be just not our universe, equally. Our universe requires both.

That's really all there is too it, in terms of fundementals. If you want to say that time is not just an optional function of spaces in the real world, but is a fundamental property of the field as much as space, that's no problem. But I don't see how one can claim that time is somehow more fundamental than space, since you can't have it without.
ok. When I say "more fundamental", I don't mean like you that we can have universe after we remove one. Its more like I can recreate it again..

Let's take triangle. Which of its tips is most fundamental? Obviously none, as soon as you remove any of them, you don't have triangle anymore. But if you have it standing on the ground, you have 2 tips as foundation and 3rd can be derivered. That makes 2 of them like slightly more fundamental. Today we have space and relation equations as the foundation, and time is derivered. Its a convention. We can also take time and relations, and derive space.

Now what you try to convince me in and I can't understand, is that you can remove time-tip from the triangle, and still have triangle, but if I remove space-tip, then I won't have a triangle. They seem equal. But we can derive either of them from one and relations. Now we want to sort them in some order of importance to decide which path to take. Today it seems to me no one really considers seriously that time could be foundation to derive dynamic space. Instead, time is injected transparently into space to make dynamic changing space, at the same time refusing to admit that to do so one freely without definition is adding time.

We can construct dynamic spacetime when we have time and relations. We can construct static space without time, but it can't be dynamic. Now, if either case requires time to be present, and case where time is placed before space has it all, then isn't time then more fundamental than space?

You have to ask how can one derive space from time alone. Naturally, we assume that 3D space must appear immediately. I'm wondering about space as illusion, result of relationships between instants of time.
[sum] dT(x) = [oo] is it 1D spacetime? If dT is varying, isn't it field? Primordial dT of 0D space is basically singularity, within it, time is "stopped". You can always divide primordial dT/n and continue infinitely. Instant dT at x itself defines rate of 'progress' locally. Relationships between them can be expressed in terms of energy. Changes of dT itself is interactions, and propagation of them is basically ground for construction of spatial extent (equidistant coordinates in terms of propagation time) with more dimensions.

It is hard to conceive what time is, and what is meaning of it changing. I don't know how to make use of it, but I haven't also seen anyone trying. I just think that we need to define few properties of primordial dT and from there can explain inertia, energy, vacuum, curvature of space, limit of c, etc. Of course, I'm not sure in that, it just seems to have capacity to produce more with less axioms. It would be like sort of chaotic automata with variable timesteps.
What makes it different from current ideas is that it throws away locally uniform flow of time making it relative at fundamental level aswell, and undermines assumption that space is something independant from time in deeper sense than spacetime suggests.
 
  • #67
Originally posted by wimms
I understand what you mean, and here lies one confusing difficulty with time. When you say you can have timeless universe, you actually won't have our universe. It can be vast, but it'll be static, no dynamics at all. Its not what we have.

I agree. But the point was that we can at least imagine a logically consistent timeless universe, whereas I'm not sure we can do the same with time.

To have honest comparison, you'd have to allow for spaceless universe where time exists - it could be unstructured, void, but it is not logically inconsistent.

And that's what it comes down to. How do you even define this spaceless universe in the first place? How can you define duration without events? And without space, how can you define events either?
 
  • #68
Originally posted by Eh
And that's what it comes down to. How do you even define this spaceless universe in the first place? How can you define duration without events? And without space, how can you define events either?
Whats the problem? Assume time had beginning. Then it must have started acausally. Event. It could as well disappear acausally, another event. Duration of existence inbetween - time. If it had appeared and disappeared without finite existence period or out of order, it would invalidate logic. 0D Universe that exists for duration of single primordial unit of time.

We can divide any finite duration into parts. What separates subsequent durations then? Coordinate point, or perhaps call it event in time domain? Event that causes change to time dimension.
 
  • #69
Much like the geometric point which has no existence without at least a line, a point in time has no existence on it's own. No event, no points of zero duration.
 
  • #70
Originally posted by Eh
Much like the geometric point which has no existence without at least a line, a point in time has no existence on it's own. No event, no points of zero duration.
Inertia has you :) You still stick to assumption that events is all there is to time.
How can we arbitrarily divide geometric line with points? According to you, points must first exist in some form to be possible to divide a line. What is geometric point then? no "something", no point of zero extent..
Time duration is that 'at least a line', in this case, segment of finite duration. When result of event output is same as input, its as if there was no event, no change. Why can't we divide time line by points of null-events?

Seems you want to measure the duration with events, you want reference. You can't measure it if you don't have anything to relate it to. Yes, measure of time and duration is meaningless for single primordial time segment. But we still can deduce that it must exist for finite duration. Else it can't be logically consistent.

Doesn't acausal begin and end of time mean event to you? It is finite nonzero segment of time duration. What could exist "between consecutive" end of time and next beginning? We can't express this in terms 'nonexistence time'. There is no separation. Its a point in time. Point where time disappears and reappears instantly, which is event.
Though, I'm not sure if "consecutive" has any sense for segments of time separated by nonexistence (of time). Perhaps they all should exist concurrently, in reference to concept 'exist'. This would lead to picture that all possible combinations of segments of time would appear together, but die out at relatively different moments.. (which sounds wild enough) This would be infinite dynamic space of time without any geometry. Patterns of coincidence would become illusion of geometry.
Obviously, I've let my mind wandering way too freely..

How to define duration? duration D(dT=1)>0sec always. Time dT is count of change-events between any 2 points on time axis. Minimum meaningful value for dT=1. Two chains of events with equal dT can produce different relative duration: D1(dT1=23) [x=] D2(dT2=23) which allows for differing relative timeflow. It means that some units of duration must differ. Fact that relative timeflow can change means that units of duration themselves can change, which must be property of duration. We could think of some universal minimal finite [del]D constant of which all others are multiples of, but I can't think how such constant could be justified.

You know that time issue is still very open. After all that lots of words I still haven't got any idea can you actually agree that there might be a place for time duration concept or you don't. What are your ideas on mystery of time?
 
  • #71
You know that time issue is still very open. After all that lots of words I still haven't got any idea can you actually agree that there might be a place for time duration concept or you don't. What are your ideas on mystery of time?

Well at the very least, I thought we could at least agree that time would disappear if you were to somehow switch off the field, as GR says it would. If so, then I at least got my point across. I wasn't intending to go on and on about geometric points, lines and what not.

As to whether there is more to time than events, I think the more important issue is whether or not an event is required to define it in the first place. It's the same as geometry. Points do not have meaning without location, and a location requires space. So a mere geometric point would have no meaningful definition without space. You can talk about points in time, but without reference to finite events you don't have a concept at all. If the notion of points and lines sounds paradoxical, that's just what you get when dealing with space and time as a continuum.

You seem to have a lot of thoughts and questions about geometry as well as time. This geometry board (part of the superstringtheory site) has a lot helpful members who have the patience to discuss it. http://www.superstringtheory.com/forum/geomboard/index3.html
 
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  • #72
Originally posted by Eh
Well at the very least, I thought we could at least agree that time would disappear if you were to somehow switch off the field, as GR says it would. If so, then I at least got my point across.
I was never against GR. My point (that I wasn't able to get across) was that you could have timeless field, but when you have dynamic field, its different thing and you can't switch it off without also removing time. You can't also remove time from dynamic field without changing its deepest identity. Question whether time is mere perception of mystical events on mystical dynamic field geometry, or whether time has capacity to form topological space and geometry is relative perception, remains open.

As to whether there is more to time than events, I think the more important issue is whether or not an event is required to define it in the first place.
Well, imo, even more important issue is if you can even define 'event' without concept of time. Thats the crux of it all - you need time to define event, and only then you need event to observe and measure time. You discard time as necessary to define event just because GR seems to get away without it. But it doesn't, it has it hidden in postulates of c, inertia, dynamics of space geometry as mystery, etc.

It's the same as geometry. Points do not have meaning without location, and a location requires space. So a mere geometric point would have no meaningful definition without space. You can talk about points in time, but without reference to finite events you don't have a concept at all.
I don't get, why you on one side equate points-in-time to points-in-line, and then immeditely turn away and say that time continuum has no meaning without events alone. I have very well a concept without events. What I don't have, is reference of measure. But I can easily define any point in time as point of reference and have comparable 'distances' between any other imaginable points. More so, I can define 'measure of distance' in terms of time, or define finite velocity and spatial extent, whereas there is no way to define finite velocity in geometric space without artificially adding concept of time.

Time is not exactly same as geometry, what makes it special is its intimate relation to concepts 'exist' and 'real'. At some point it faces paradoxes of philosophy and existence. Is that the reason why everyone tries to avoid attacking the time issue seriously?

You seem to have a lot of thoughts and questions about geometry as well as time. This geometry board (part of the superstringtheory site) has a lot helpful members who have the patience to discuss it. http://www.superstringtheory.com/forum/geomboard/index3.html
Sigh, does this mean that you've got enough and are delicately sending me off to the Moon? This forum is awful mess..
 
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  • #73
Originally posted by wimms
I was never against GR. My point (that I wasn't able to get across) was that you could have timeless field, but when you have dynamic field, its different thing and you can't switch it off without also removing time. You can't also remove time from dynamic field without changing its deepest identity. Question whether time is mere perception of mystical events on mystical dynamic field geometry, or whether time has capacity to form topological space and geometry is relative perception, remains open.

I won't argue against that, because time is as I said, a fundamental part of the real world. Although certain attempts to make time in another spatial dimension (the no boundary proposal) would remove any free room for defining time, we can go with a working definition where the universe is an evolving unified field. However, under this picture there is no room to claim time has independent existence, or is any more fundemental.

I don't get, why you on one side equate points-in-time to points-in-line, and then immeditely turn away and say that time continuum has no meaning without events alone.

Do not equate points in time with events, much as you would not mistake a geometric point for a line. Compare a continuous line of space to a line of time. The geometric line will be space, and the time line will be an event. In both cases, the continuum necessarily contains an infinite amount of points. But when you isolate any given point, it has no meaning without it's location on that line. In fact, that is the only existence a point has, so one cannot define a point in time or space without the whole.

Sigh, does this mean that you've got enough and are delicately sending me off to the Moon? This forum is awful mess..

Yes, I am. But that's only because I feel the original point I wanted to get across has been made. We aren't really arguing about that point. But the link to the boards I gave you would be useful if you further want to discuss geometry and continuums, since they are similar to time. I find discussions about both to be very time consuming, and that isn't the direction I want to go.
 
  • #74
Originally posted by Eh
we can go with a working definition where the universe is an evolving unified field. However, under this picture there is no room to claim time has independent existence, or is any more fundemental.
My proposal is that unified field is illusory manifestation of evolving independant time, which isn't even necessarily continuum. You don't accept ex nihilo ideas? Time is perfect candidate for beginning, and its most fundamental for any evolution.

The geometric line will be space, and the time line will be an event.
I see. You say that any event occurs for finite duration with no static states between events. I rather think events are timeless instants between durations of static existence. In this view, null-events are possible, and exactly same energy interaction can flow at differing rates. In other view, null-events are not possible, it requires stuff that then interacts, time is continuum. Frequency of field defines time, higher frequency (and energy) means faster timeflow. Which is somewhat reverse. high energies are slowing time down. Therefore some weird inverse seems true - time slowdown means more energy (inertia), frequency does not mean timeflow change, but relative frequency of interaction, that can be seen as energy aswell.

But when you isolate any given point, it has no meaning without it's location on that line. In fact, that is the only existence a point has, so one cannot define a point in time or space without the whole.
The only property of point is its coordinate. I know. But GR also tells us not to give too much weight to the whole. Point {0,0} is well defined. To distinguish points in time, we have concepts of past and future. Any point is instant
separating "now" and past or now and future. No point has meaning relative to the whole, all it has is relative measures. Whole is abstraction, much like our extrapolation of 'current' location of objects receeding at >2c. Its not a point that moves along time axis, but unique 'now' that exists, defines time and evolves itself, in relation to that closest to it, whatever that means.

link to the boards I gave you would be useful if you further want to discuss geometry and continuums, since they are similar to time. I find discussions about both to be very time consuming, and that isn't the direction I want to go.
I don't think time is geometry or continuum, so I can't just jump in there with my crazy phil ideas.
 

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