Why Are Certain Oxidation States of Chromium More Common Than Others?

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SUMMARY

The oxidation states of chromium primarily include +2, +3, and +6, with +3 being the most stable due to its electron configuration and crystal field stabilization. The stability of these oxidation states can be attributed to the effective shielding of the nucleus by electrons and the favorable ligand field interactions. In contrast, +1, +4, and +5 oxidation states are rare due to their less favorable electron configurations and higher energy levels, making them less stable in comparison.

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  • Understanding of electron configuration in transition metals
  • Knowledge of crystal field theory
  • Familiarity with oxidation states and their stability
  • Basic concepts of ligand field theory
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Chemistry students, researchers in inorganic chemistry, and professionals working with transition metals and their compounds will benefit from this discussion.

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The most common oxidation states of chromium are +2, +3, and +6, with +3 being the most stable. +1, +4 and +5 are rare.

Questions;

1. As given above, +2, +3, and +6 are stable, what are the possible reason of there oxidation state stability ?

2. +3 was the most stable oxidation state of chromium, What is the possible rationale of +3 as being the most stable?

3. +1, +4 and +5 are considered as rare oxidation state of chromium, What is the unlikely reason for that statement?

thank you and God bless you!
 
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Think in terms of electron configuration and crystal (or ligand) field. And it won't hurt if you will try to find some anwers on your own, before asking question.
 
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