Why are there different rate constants?

In summary, there are various factors that can cause differences in rate constants, including temperature, reaction mechanism, and concentration of reactants. Higher temperatures typically lead to higher rate constants, but this relationship may not always be linear. The reaction mechanism can also greatly influence the rate constant, with more complex reactions typically having lower rate constants. Different reactants can also have different rate constants due to their chemical properties, such as the strength of their bonds. The concentration of reactants also plays a significant role in determining the rate constant, as higher concentrations can lead to more collisions and a greater likelihood of successful reactions. This relationship is described by the rate law.
  • #1
bluepen
7
0
Hey,

The decomposition of A is first order, and [A] is monitored. The following data are recorded:
t / min 0 1 2 4
[A]/[M] 0.100 0.0905 0.0819 0.0670

Calculate k.

Using [A] = [A]0e-kt,

Calculating at t = 1
0.0905 = 0.1e-k(1)
0.905 = e-k
-0.0998=-k
k = 0.0998 min-1

Calculating at t = 4
0.0670 = 0.1e-k(4)
0.67 = e-k(4)
k = 0.100 min-1

How can this be!? :confused:
The question is an example from http://http://www.science.uwaterloo.ca/~cchieh/cact/c123/intratel.html"

Thanks,
 
Last edited by a moderator:
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  • #2
Experimental error in measuring the concentration? 0.1 and 0.0998 aren't that far apart.
 
  • #3
In most experiments I would consider 0.1 and 0.0998 to be the same - 0.2% error is relatively small.
 

Why are there different rate constants?

There are a variety of factors that can contribute to differences in rate constants, such as temperature, reaction mechanism, and concentration of reactants. Additionally, different reactions may involve different types of chemical bonds, which can affect the rate of the reaction.

How does temperature affect rate constants?

Increasing temperature typically leads to an increase in the rate constant, as higher temperatures provide more energy for molecules to collide and react. However, this relationship is not always linear and can depend on the specific reaction and its activation energy.

What role does the reaction mechanism play in rate constants?

The reaction mechanism, or the series of steps by which a reaction occurs, can greatly impact the rate constant. For example, a reaction with a more complex mechanism may have a lower rate constant compared to a simpler reaction with the same reactants.

Why do different reactants have different rate constants?

Different reactants can have different rates of reactions due to their chemical properties. For example, molecules with stronger bonds may require more energy to break and react, leading to a lower rate constant compared to molecules with weaker bonds.

How do concentration of reactants affect rate constants?

The concentration of reactants can greatly impact the rate constant, as a higher concentration of reactants means more collisions and a greater likelihood of successful collisions leading to a reaction. This is known as the rate law, which describes the relationship between reactant concentration and rate constant.

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