Why are vapour cones from aircraft cones?

  • Thread starter Thread starter lowea001
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Aircraft Vapour
Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The vapour cone produced by high-speed aircraft is directly related to the Mach angle of its sonic boom. This phenomenon occurs due to the presence of expansion fans around the aircraft, which cool the gas and induce condensation when water vapor concentration is sufficient. The shape of the vapour cone resembles a cone due to the geometric properties of the Mach wave, as detailed in the Prandtl-Meyer expansion fan theory. Understanding these principles is essential for comprehending the physics behind vapour cones.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Mach angle and sonic booms
  • Familiarity with gas dynamics and expansion fans
  • Basic knowledge of thermodynamics related to condensation
  • Mathematics related to Prandtl-Meyer expansion fan theory
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the mathematical principles of Prandtl-Meyer expansion fans
  • Study the relationship between Mach number and sonic boom formation
  • Explore the thermodynamic conditions for condensation in gases
  • Investigate real-world examples of vapour cones in aviation
USEFUL FOR

Aerospace engineers, physicists, and students studying fluid dynamics and thermodynamics will benefit from this discussion on vapour cones and their relation to sonic booms.

lowea001
Messages
29
Reaction score
3
Does the vapour cone from a high-speed aircraft correspond to the Mach angle of its sonic boom? What is the general physics responsible for a vapour cone, and why does it resemble the shape of a cone? Basically I'm wondering if this :
Capture.PNG


corresponds to this :

F-18-Vapor-Cone-L.jpg
 
Engineering news on Phys.org
The vapor cones occur where there are expansion fans around the object, since expansion tends to cool down the gas, inducing condensation if the water vapor concentration is high enough. You can see a decent amount of the math regarding this expansion here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prandtl–Meyer_expansion_fan
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 18 ·
Replies
18
Views
3K
Replies
57
Views
8K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
2K
  • · Replies 13 ·
Replies
13
Views
2K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
603
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
4K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
6K