SUMMARY
The vapour cone produced by high-speed aircraft is directly related to the Mach angle of its sonic boom. This phenomenon occurs due to the presence of expansion fans around the aircraft, which cool the gas and induce condensation when water vapor concentration is sufficient. The shape of the vapour cone resembles a cone due to the geometric properties of the Mach wave, as detailed in the Prandtl-Meyer expansion fan theory. Understanding these principles is essential for comprehending the physics behind vapour cones.
PREREQUISITES
- Understanding of Mach angle and sonic booms
- Familiarity with gas dynamics and expansion fans
- Basic knowledge of thermodynamics related to condensation
- Mathematics related to Prandtl-Meyer expansion fan theory
NEXT STEPS
- Research the mathematical principles of Prandtl-Meyer expansion fans
- Study the relationship between Mach number and sonic boom formation
- Explore the thermodynamic conditions for condensation in gases
- Investigate real-world examples of vapour cones in aviation
USEFUL FOR
Aerospace engineers, physicists, and students studying fluid dynamics and thermodynamics will benefit from this discussion on vapour cones and their relation to sonic booms.