Why does water have anomalous density behavior?

[djsourabh]

What is the exact scientific reason behind anamalous behavour of water?
Can the temperature range at which this happens be changed?
do any other substances also behave anamalously?

 

[Enigman]

mmm...what's anomalous?

 

[SteamKing]

No, no, the OP clearly said anamalous, whatever that is.

 

[Dadface]

He did say anamalous but that was probably just a typing error. He meant to write anomalous.

 

[Borek]

He wrote anamalous three times, it is not a typo.

To OP: please elaborate. In most cases water behaves as every other liquid. Sometimes it doesn't, but you need to explain what you mean if you want to get any help.

Besides, it looks like a HW question to me...

 

[djsourabh]

Sorry for typing mistake.
I meant ' anomalous' only.
It's not a HW question.

 

[Enigman]

So what are you talking about Sourabh?
Large specific heat, expansion while freezing, inertness, or something else?

 

[djsourabh]

The weird behaviour at 4 C to 0 C .

 

[Enigman]

Well, water is composed of three atoms two hydrogen and one oxygen. So a molecule looks likes this:

-When the temperature decreases the molecules start slowing down.
-This causes the volume to decrease and density to increase until 4°C while its still in liquid state.
-After this the molecules start crystallizing in a cage like structure by hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is a weak molecular interaction between the oxygen of one molecule and Hydrogen of another.
-In the crystallization process the density decreases and volume increases as the H-bonds push molecules apart to maintain a stable crystal lattice.
-The differences can be seen in this image [left is liquid and right is ice]:

The temperature and pressure relationship of water is given by:

 

[ModusPwnd]

Bonds, bonds - Hydrogen bonds!

 

[Drakkith]

Bonds, bonds - Hydrogen bonds!

Bond... hydrogen bond.
Shaken, not stirred.

 

[Enigman]

Bond... hydrogen bond.
Shaken, not stirred.

Nooo, supercool it and then shake it! The drink shall turn to Ice cream...
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DpiUZI_3o8s

The actual drink is a Vesper martini, it went like this:
"A dry martini," Bond said. "One. In a deep champagne goblet."
"Oui, monsieur."
"Just a moment. Three measures of Gordon's, one of vodka, half a measure of Kina Lillet. Shake it very well until it's ice-cold, then add a large thin slice of lemon peel. Got it?"

 

[djsourabh]

Well, water is composed of three atoms two hydrogen and one oxygen. So a molecule looks likes this:

-When the temperature decreases the molecules start slowing down.
-This causes the volume to decrease and density to increase until 4°C while its still in liquid state.
-After this the molecules start crystallizing in a cage like structure by hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is a weak molecular interaction between the oxygen of one molecule and Hydrogen of another.
-In the crystallization process the density decreases and volume increases as the H-bonds push molecules apart to maintain a stable crystal lattice.
-The differences can be seen in this image [left is liquid and right is ice]:

The temperature and pressure relationship of water is given by:

Thank you for such agood description.
My next query is "can the temperature range at which this phenomena occurs be changed by any means?"