Why is the Moon getting further from Earth ?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the reasons behind the increasing distance between the Earth and the Moon, exploring the mechanisms involved, particularly in relation to tidal forces and their effects on both bodies. The scope includes theoretical explanations and conceptual clarifications regarding gravitational interactions and rotational dynamics.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that tidal forces are the primary reason for the Moon's increasing distance from the Earth, with specific reference to the tidal bulge created by the Moon's gravitational influence.
  • One participant mentions that the offset of the tidal bulge due to Earth's rotation creates torque that slows Earth's rotation and raises the Moon in its orbit.
  • Another participant elaborates that the lunar tides create a water bulge that, through friction, slows Earth's rotation and speeds up the Moon's orbit, though they note the complexity of these interactions.
  • There is mention of Earth tides, which are less obvious but significant, and a lack of consensus on the energy dissipation of Earth tides within the planet.
  • A participant uses an analogy comparing the offset bulge to a horse pulling a cart, suggesting that this pulling action increases the Moon's orbital height.
  • Concerns are raised about the Moon's potential fate if it were to move against Earth's rotation, hinting at the possibility of it breaking up if it reached a certain limit.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that tidal forces play a significant role in the Moon's increasing distance from the Earth. However, there are multiple competing views regarding the specifics of the mechanisms involved and the implications of Earth tides, indicating that the discussion remains unresolved in certain aspects.

Contextual Notes

Some limitations include the complexity of the interactions between tidal forces and rotational dynamics, as well as the unresolved details regarding energy dissipation in Earth tides. The discussion also reflects varying levels of understanding and interpretation of these phenomena among participants.

DaTario
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Hi All,

What is the reason that makes the distance between the Earth and the Moon get larger and larger?

Best wishes,
DaTario
 
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DaTario said:
Hi All,

What is the reason that makes the distance between the Earth and the Moon get larger and larger?

Best wishes,
DaTario
Google is your friend. I just did a search on "moon getting farther from earth"
upload_2018-7-22_10-40-16.png
 

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The reason is tides.

The tidal bulge risen on Earth by the Moon is offset from the line connecting the two centres of masses by Earth's rotation due to limited response time of Earth surface (and oceans) - cf. Love numbers.
The offset bulge is acted upon by gravity of the Moon, providing torque to Earth (causing slowing of rotation period) and to Moon (raising it in its orbit).

Googling for 'tidal acceleration' and selecting pictures will let you see some free body diagrams of the system.
 
Hi DaTario:

The simple answer is that the lunar tides create a bulge of water which acts by friction to (1) slow the Earth's rotation, and (2) gravitationally to speed up the moon's revolving around the Earth. The details of the friction and the gravitational effects are too complicated for me to try to describe.

Hope this helps.

Regards,
Buzz
 
There are also Earth tides, less obvious but significant if you've an LHC or radio-telescope array. Or are monitoring a volcano via GPS...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_tide
IIRC, although the total is constrained, there is not yet agreement on how much Earth-tide energy is dissipated where within our world.

OT: Based on a small sample, you must wonder how much the Moon's tidal stirring influences our lively plate tectonics...
 
I like to think of it like the offset bulge in the tides is pulling the moon like a horse pulling a cart. Pulling it would make it go faster but the energy goes into taking it higher in orbit around the Earth.
If the Moon were moving against the rotation of the Earth, I gather the Moon would be lowering in orbit, and reach the Roach Limit, and break up.
 

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