Why is the Series Absolutely Convergent for Sequences in l^2(N)?

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SUMMARY

The series $$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} x_n y_n$$ is absolutely convergent for sequences $$x = (x_n), y = (y_n) \in l^2(\mathbb{N})$$ as established in Houshang H. Sohrab's "Basic Real Analysis" (Second Edition), specifically in Example 2.3.52. This conclusion arises from the inequality $$\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} |x_n y_n| \leqslant \|x\|_2 \|y\|_2 < \infty$$, which confirms that the product of two square-summable sequences remains summable. Understanding this property is crucial for analyzing convergence in functional spaces.

PREREQUISITES
  • Familiarity with the concept of absolute convergence in series.
  • Understanding of the space $$l^2(\mathbb{N})$$ and its properties.
  • Knowledge of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality.
  • Basic understanding of norms, specifically the $$\|x\|_2$$ norm.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality and its applications in functional analysis.
  • Explore the properties of the $$l^2$$ space and its implications for convergence.
  • Investigate other types of convergence in series, such as conditional convergence.
  • Learn about the implications of absolute convergence in the context of Fourier series.
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Mathematicians, students of real analysis, and anyone studying convergence in functional spaces will benefit from this discussion.

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I am reading Houshang H. Sohrab's book: "Basic Real Analysis" (Second Edition).

I am focused on Chapter 2: Sequences and Series of Real Numbers ... ...

I need help with an aspect of Example 2.3.52 ...

The start of Example 2.3.52 reads as follows ... ...
View attachment 9109
In the above Example from Sohrab we read the following:

" ... ... Then, given any sequences $$x = (x_n), \ y = (y_n) \in l^2 ( \mathbb{N} )$$, the series $$\sum_{ n = 1 }^{ \infty } x_n y_n $$ is absolutely convergent ... ..."
My question is as follows:

How/why, exactly, given any sequences $$x = (x_n), \ y = (y_n) \in l^2 ( \mathbb{N} )$$ ...

... does it follow that the series $$\sum_{ n = 1 }^{ \infty } x_n y_n $$ is absolutely convergent ... ...?

Help will be much appreciated ... ...

Peter
 

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Peter said:
In the above Example from Sohrab we read the following:

" ... ... Then, given any sequences $$x = (x_n), \ y = (y_n) \in l^2 ( \mathbb{N} )$$, the series $$\sum_{ n = 1 }^{ \infty } x_n y_n $$ is absolutely convergent ... ..."
My question is as follows:

How/why, exactly, given any sequences $$x = (x_n), \ y = (y_n) \in l^2 ( \mathbb{N} )$$ ...

... does it follow that the series $$\sum_{ n = 1 }^{ \infty } x_n y_n $$ is absolutely convergent ... ...?
This comes from the inequality $(\dagger)$, where it is proved that $$\sum_{ n = 1 }^{ \infty }| x_n y_n| \leqslant \|x\|_2\|y\|_2 < \infty. $$
 
Opalg said:
This comes from the inequality $(\dagger)$, where it is proved that $$\sum_{ n = 1 }^{ \infty }| x_n y_n| \leqslant \|x\|_2\|y\|_2 < \infty. $$
Appreciate the help, Opalg ...

Thanks ...

Peter
 

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