Why Doesn't CO2 Dissolve Ionic Compounds?

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SUMMARY

CO2, despite being a nonpolar molecule, does not effectively dissolve ionic compounds like NaCl due to its molecular geometry and the nature of ionic interactions. The carbon atom in CO2 has a partial positive charge, but this is insufficient to attract Na+ ions strongly enough to overcome the ionic bonds in NaCl. The geometry of CO2 prevents it from effectively interacting with ionic compounds, as the attraction or repulsion forces are not strong enough to disrupt the ionic lattice. However, supercritical CO2 has been identified as a solvent capable of dissolving certain ionic compounds under specific conditions.

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  • Understanding of molecular geometry and polarity
  • Knowledge of ionic bonding and interactions
  • Familiarity with supercritical fluids and their properties
  • Basic chemistry concepts related to solubility
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  • Research the properties of supercritical CO2 as a solvent
  • Study the effects of molecular geometry on solubility
  • Explore ionic bonding and lattice energy in detail
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alingy1
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So, CO2 is said to be non polar because of its molecular geometry.
However the carbon atom has two positive charges and the oxygens, one partial charge each.
Therefore, why doesn't CO2 dissolve ionic molecules like NaCl? We've been taught that a polar molecule is one that can separate ionic compounds. Any close Na+ ion would be attracted to the carbon atoms, no?
 
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Sure - get close enough to any particular atom and you'll see it's charge; but how close would you have to get?

You pretty much answer your question in your preamble - it's because of the geometry of the molecule.

In your description, the C is 2+ ... so wouldn't the Na+ get repelled?
The attraction/repulsion has to be strong enough to tear the NaCl apart.

But note: supercritical CO2 is used as a solvent.
 

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