Will an electron release energy when it is added into an atom?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the energy dynamics involved when an electron is added to an atom, specifically focusing on the concept of electron affinity and whether energy is released or required during this process. The scope includes theoretical considerations and conceptual clarifications related to atomic structure and electron interactions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that adding an electron to an atom typically results in the emission of energy in the form of photons, indicating a positive electron affinity in exothermic cases.
  • Others question whether it is possible to add an electron if the process is not net exothermic, suggesting that energy must be provided to overcome repulsive forces.
  • One participant mentions that thermal energy or electric potential can be used to accelerate the electron, allowing it to overcome repulsion and enter the atom.
  • There is uncertainty about whether the addition of an electron creates a bound system.
  • Multiple participants express that the energy released will manifest as electromagnetic radiation, though some express uncertainty about this point.
  • A participant requests simplification of the discussion for better understanding, indicating varying levels of expertise among contributors.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on the energy dynamics involved in adding an electron to an atom. There are competing views regarding the necessity of energy input and the nature of energy release.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved questions regarding the conditions under which an electron can be added to an atom and the implications for electron affinity, as well as the definitions of terms like "bound system" and "net exothermic." The discussion reflects varying levels of understanding and expertise among participants.

Sameer Tahir
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According to my understanding, when an electron is added into an atom, it emits energy in the form of photons because it is a form of de-excitation or relaxation. This is when electron affinity will be positive (exothermic). But there is one case where energy must be provided to an electron for it to overcome the repulsive forces of the electrons of the atom in which it is going to be added. Now, in this case I think the electron will still release its energy in the form of photons when it is added. However, because net energy change (Energy released in the form of photons - Energy provided to the electron) is negative (endothermic) therefore in this case we say the electron affinity of such atoms is negative.

Is this understanding of Electron Affinity correct?
 
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Sameer Tahir said:
But there is one case where energy must be provided to an electron for it to overcome the repulsive forces of the electrons of the atom in which it is going to be added.
Is it even possible to add an electron if the process is not net exothermic?
 
We can accelerate the electron using thermal energy or electric potential to provide that electron sufficient kinetic energy to "penetrate" its way into the repulsion of that atom's electrons.
 
Ok, but will it create a bounded system?
 
I think Electron will release the energy in the form of EM radiations. But I am not sure.
 
Sameer Tahir said:
I think Electron will release the energy in the form of EM radiations. But I am not sure.
Yes, the released energy will appear in the form of EM radiation. But I think you're missing the point of @weirdoguy's (probably rhetorical) and my (definitely rhetorical) questions.
 
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Sorry but I am not a physics guy. I am just at college level. If you can simplify your point so I can understand it.
 

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