206.5.64 integral by partial fractions

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the integral of the function \(\frac{9x^3-6x+4}{x^3-x^2}\) using partial fractions. Participants explore the steps involved in expanding the integrand and setting up the partial fraction decomposition.

Discussion Character

  • Mathematical reasoning
  • Technical explanation
  • Homework-related

Main Points Raised

  • One participant presents the integral and expresses being stuck after expanding the integrand.
  • Another participant suggests a form for the partial fraction decomposition, proposing \(\frac{A}{x}+\frac{B}{x^2}+\frac{C}{x-1}\) for the expression \(\frac{9x^2+6x+4}{x^2(x-1)}\).
  • A third participant provides a detailed expansion of the integrand and sets up the equation for the coefficients, indicating a method to equate coefficients for solving.
  • A fourth participant reiterates the setup for the partial fraction decomposition and emphasizes the next steps of multiplying through by \(x^2(x-1)\) and equating coefficients.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the steps to take for the partial fraction decomposition, but there is no consensus on the resolution of the integral or the specific values of the coefficients.

Contextual Notes

Participants have not fully resolved the system of equations for the coefficients \(A\), \(B\), and \(C\), and there are missing assumptions regarding the values of these coefficients.

karush
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$\textbf{206.5.64 integral by partial fractions} \\
\displaystyle
I_{64}=
\int\frac{9x^3-6x+4}{x^3-x^2} \, dx \\
\text{expand} \\
\displaystyle
\frac{9x^3-6x+4}{x^3-x^2}
= \frac{9(x^3-x^2)+9x^2+6x+4}{x^3-x^2}
= 9 + \frac{9x^2+6x+4}{x^2(x-1)} \\
\textbf{stuck!}$
 
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The next step would be:

$$\frac{9x^2+6x+4}{x^2(x-1)}=\frac{A}{x}+\frac{B}{x^2}+\frac{C}{x-1}$$
 
$\textbf{206.5.64 integral by partial fractions} \\
\displaystyle
I_{64}=
\int\frac{9x^3-6x+4}{x^3-x^2} \, dx =
2\ln\left(\left|x\right|\right)+9x+\dfrac{4}{x}+7\ln\left(\left|x-1\right|\right)\\
\textbf{expand} \\
\displaystyle
\frac{9x^3-6x+4}{x^3-x^2}
= \frac{9(x^3-x^2)+9x^2+6x+4}{x^3-x^2}
= 9 + \frac{9x^2+6x+4}{x^2(x-1)} \\
\textbf{sidework}\\
\displaystyle
\frac{9x^2+6x+4}{x^2(x-1)}
\displaystyle
=\frac{A}{x}+\frac{B}{x^2}+\frac{C}{x-1}\\
\displaystyle 9x^2+6x+4=Ax(x-1)+B(x-1)+Cx^2=(A+C)x^2+(B-A)x+(-B) \\
4=(A+C-9)x^2+(B-A-6)x-B
$
 
Last edited:
We have;

$$\frac{9x^2+6x+4}{x^2(x-1)}=\frac{A}{x}+\frac{B}{x^2}+\frac{C}{x-1}$$

The next step is to multiply through by $x^2(x-1)$ to get:

$$9x^2+6x+4=Ax(x-1)+B(x-1)+Cx^2=(A+C)x^2+(B-A)x+(-B)$$

Now, equate coefficients and solve the resulting system. :D
 

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