A bullet with a velocity of 575m/s Use work and energy considerations

In summary, the problem involves a 7.8g bullet traveling at 575m/s that penetrates a tree trunk to a depth of 5.50cm. To find the average frictional force that stops the bullet, the equation KEi - Fk = KEf is used, with the resulting force being 2.34e4 N. To determine the time elapsed between the bullet entering the tree and stopping, the relation between impulse and force-time is used, resulting in a time of .000191 seconds or 1.91e-4 seconds.
  • #1
sarahjt1
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0

Homework Statement



A 7.8g bullet moving at 575m/s penetrates a tree trunk to depth of 5.50cm. (a) Use work and energy considerations to find the average frictional force that stops the bullet. (b) Assuming that the frictional force is constant, determine hot much time elapses between the moment the bullet enters the tree and the moment it stops.

Homework Equations



I figure part (a) by:

KEi - Fk = KEf
KEi= kinestic energy initial, Fk=frictional force, and KEf= kinetic energy final

For part (b) I thought that the t=D/r would be sufficient but it's not?? I don't really understand what other equations to use in this scenario... HELP!

The Attempt at a Solution



For part (a)


1/2mV^2 - Fk*d = 1/2mVf^2
1/2(.0078)(575)^2 - .055Fk = 0
1289.44 - .055Fk = 0
-.005Fk = -1289.44
Fk = 2.34e4 N

For part (b)

t= .055/575
t= 9.5e-4 --> which is not correct, book shows 1.91e-4, huh? :cry:

Homework Statement

 
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  • #2
What you are doing is assuming that the bullet travels at a constant velocity and suddenly stops after penetrating 5.50cm into the wood o.0, which definitely does not hold true especially when it is decelerating at a constant rate!
Think along the lines about the relation between impulse and force-time.
 
  • #3
Ohhh... so this is a momentum question.

F delta t = mVi - mVf

so...

F delta t = (.0078)(575)- (.0078)(0)
2.34e4 (delta t)= 4.49
delta t = .000191 = 1.91e-4

Ah.. Thank you! I would have never of seen that relationship... grrr.
 

1. How does the velocity of a bullet affect its kinetic energy?

The kinetic energy of an object is directly proportional to its velocity. This means that as the velocity of a bullet increases, its kinetic energy also increases. In this case, a bullet with a velocity of 575m/s would have a higher kinetic energy than a bullet with a lower velocity.

2. What is the relationship between work and the velocity of a bullet?

Work and velocity have an inverse relationship. This means that as the velocity of a bullet increases, the amount of work required to stop it also increases. This is because the work done on an object is equal to the change in its kinetic energy, and as we established in question 1, a higher velocity means a higher kinetic energy.

3. Can you calculate the work done on a bullet with a given velocity?

Yes, the work done on a bullet can be calculated by multiplying the force acting on the bullet by the distance over which the force is applied. In this case, the force would be the resistance or friction acting against the bullet, and the distance would be the distance the bullet travels before coming to a complete stop.

4. How does the velocity of a bullet affect its potential energy?

The velocity of a bullet has no direct effect on its potential energy. Potential energy is determined by an object's position in a gravitational field, and since the bullet is moving horizontally, it does not experience a change in potential energy. However, as the bullet is slowed down or stopped, its kinetic energy is converted into other forms of energy, such as heat and sound, which could be considered a decrease in potential energy.

5. Is there a way to increase the velocity of a bullet without increasing its kinetic energy?

No, the velocity of a bullet is directly tied to its kinetic energy. In order for the velocity to increase, the kinetic energy must also increase. However, other factors such as the mass and shape of the bullet can also affect its velocity without changing its kinetic energy. For example, a lighter and more streamlined bullet may have a higher velocity than a heavier and more blunt bullet, even though they have the same kinetic energy.

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