Acoustic Wave Velocities in Brillouin Zone

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating acoustic wave velocities in the Brillouin zone of germanium (Ge) using the phonon spectrum. The user successfully calculated |X(1,0,0)| as 1.12 x 10-10 m-1 and identified the longitudinal acoustic (LA) and transverse acoustic (TA) waves. The velocities were derived using the equations v=ω/k and ω=2πf, resulting in a velocity of approximately 4488 m/s for the LA wave and around 2244 m/s for the TA waves. The user clarified the correct approach to determine frequency values from the phonon spectrum.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of phonon dispersion and Brillouin zones
  • Familiarity with the equations ω=2πf and v=ω/k
  • Knowledge of lattice constants and their significance in solid-state physics
  • Ability to interpret phonon spectrum diagrams
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the phonon dispersion relations in different materials
  • Learn about the significance of the Brillouin zone in solid-state physics
  • Explore the calculation of sound velocities in various crystal structures
  • Investigate the effects of temperature on phonon behavior in semiconductors
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Students and researchers in solid-state physics, materials science, and engineering, particularly those focusing on phonon dynamics and acoustic wave propagation in crystalline materials.

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Acoustic Wave Velocities in Brillouin Zone - Phonon Spectrum of Ge

Homework Statement


Acoustic Wave Velocities in Brillouin Zone - Phonon Spectrum Diagram
The exact problem I'm stuck on is Q3c on this exam paper. I have included an image of the problem below. I haven't
had any trouble up to this point, but I'm stuck on the second half of this part of this question.
9rUn4pk.png

The question gives the phonon spectrum of germanium as well as information about Ge (listed below) and then asks me to calculate |X(1,0,0)| (which I've done) and to hence estimate the velocities of the sound waves that can propagate along the Δ direction in the Ge Brillouin Zone. I also have to state the branch type of each wave, which I understand.

Homework Equations


a*=(2π/a)(-x^+y^+z^), b*=(2π/a)(x^-y^+z^), c*=(2π/a)(x^+y^-z^)
Lattice constant = 0.56nm
X(1,0,0)=1/2(b*+c*)
ω=2πf
v=ω/k

The Attempt at a Solution


So I can calculate |X(1,0,0)| as follows:

X(1,0,0)=1/2(b*+c*)=(2π/a)x^
|X(1,0,0)|=(2π/a)√(1^2)=2π/a=1.12x10^10 m^-1

This is where I get confused: I'm able to identify the 2TA waves and the LA wave, however,
I'm not sure exactly what values to sub into the ω=2πf and v=ω/k equations.

For the frequency do I just come directly up from the first delta on the x-axis and when I hit
a wave take the frequency at that point? I.e. LA would be ~4 and the degenerate TAs would
be ~2. We have the k for X(1,0,0) as 1.12x10^10m^-1, so would the lambda k be half this
value? Any advice on how to proceed would be greatly appreciated. Thanks for reading.
 
Last edited:
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It turns out it isn't particularly complicated. I was thrown off by a solution sheet which turned out to be wrong, but I figured it out. What you need to do is take v=ω/k=2πf/k which is 2π by the slope. So say you choose for the LA to go up from 0.25 on the k axis when you hit the LA line it's 2 on the f axis. So the equation for the slope would be:

(2x1012)/(0.25)(1.12x1010)=714.3
where the top has 1012 because it's in THz and the bottom is multiplied by the |X(1,0,0)| value.

Multiply it by the 2π to get the velocity and you get about 4488m/s. Same idea for the TAs which come out at half of that value (so 2244-ish). Hope this helps if anyone ever needs this in the future!
 

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