Adding KNO3 and seeing color change

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the effects of adding KNO3 to a solution containing Fe(III)(NO3)3 and KSCN, specifically focusing on the observed color change and the underlying chemical equilibria involved. Participants explore the implications of ionic strength, complex formation, and the behavior of competing reactions in the context of equilibrium principles.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant describes the formation of a blood-red complex ion, FeSCN[2-], when Fe[3+] reacts with SCN[-], and notes a significant color change upon adding KNO3.
  • Another participant suggests that the increase in ionic strength from KNO3 leads to a lowering of solubility and invokes La Châtelier's principle to explain the shift in equilibrium towards the formation of more thiocyanate complex.
  • A different viewpoint introduces the idea that the addition of KNO3 may also lead to the formation of other complexes, such as Fe(NO3)2+, and questions the starting concentrations of the reactants.
  • One participant inquires about the separation of salts formed in the reaction, indicating a desire to understand the products better.
  • Another participant discusses the addition of NaF to the system, which results in a color change to colorless, prompting questions about the interactions between fluoride ions and iron(III) ions.
  • There is a discussion about the implications of the color change in terms of the concentration of the Fe/SCN complex and the effects of Le Chatelier's principle.
  • One participant clarifies that while Fe(NO3)3 is dissociated in solution, the Fe/SCN complexes are actual entities present in the solution.
  • Another participant expresses a misunderstanding about the relationship between ionic strength and solubility, suggesting that solubility increases with ionic strength, which contradicts earlier claims.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the effects of ionic strength and the specific interactions of ions in solution. There is no consensus on the implications of adding KNO3 or NaF, and the discussion remains unresolved regarding the exact nature of the equilibria and the resulting color changes.

Contextual Notes

Participants reference various equilibrium principles and complex formation without fully resolving the assumptions or dependencies involved in their claims. The discussion includes multiple competing models regarding the behavior of ions in solution.

bomba923
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I have two aqueous solutions---Fe(III)(NO3)3 and KSCN (no precipitate in either, both are fully dissociated into ions). I react five drops of the ferric nitrate solution with one drop of KSCN (assume that we end up with excess Fe[3+])

The net ionic reaction Fe[3+] + SCN[-] (equilibrium arrows!) FeSCN[2-] forms a blood-red complex ion FeSCN[2-].

I add a small amount (10mg) KNO3 and observe a change (more brown or lighter red). Well, the equilibrium shifted;

Why do I notice a significant color change?
 
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Adding KNO3 to the medium increases the ionic strength, so solubilities show a general lowering in value.

However, the more important fact is that you start with a nitrate-containing compound, i.e., iron(III) nitrate. According to La Châtelier's principle, the equilibrium shifts to the right until the equilibrium is established again. That's why a more intense color is observed. The result is that more thiocyanate complex is formed.
 
This is not only FeSCN2-, but every form up to Fe(SCN)6 3-.

Do you observe the same thing when adding other salts?

Fe3+ is slightly complexed by NO3- ions, you added them so perhaps more FeNO3 2+ complex is formed and less FeSCN2- is present. IIRC the latter has about 100 times larger stability constant, so there is a lrge difference in concentrations needed.

What were the starting concentrations of Fe(III)(NO3)3 and KSCN?


Chemical calculators for labs and education
BATE - pH calculations, titration curves, hydrolisis
 
Hello Gentlemen...

I 've this aqueous solution with probably it complex formed, but I would like to Know How could I to separate these ones salts?
Fe(NO3)3 + 3 KSCN -------> 3KNO3 +Fe(SCN)3


Paulo
 
K = [A]i[B ]j/[C]k[D]l , and concentration of A or B is increased?
 
It's been a year and a half since I started this thread
(alotropia_entropia, you may want to make a new thread...)
 
Last edited:
Ok Bomba I did it ...
Thanks
 
Hello I am doing the same lab. I have reacted KSCN with Fe(NO3)3, then after that I added NaF (sodium fluoride) and it turned colourless.

Why? What happened? How has the concentration of the complex ion or Fe(SCN)3 been affected?
The fluoride ions do not react directly with Fe(SCN)3 but they react with iron(III) ions to give colourless, soluble product. What does the effect of fluoride ions show about the reaction of iron(III) ions and thocyanate ions to form the complex?

Thanks.
 
You have two reactions in equilibrium - Fe/SCN and Fe/F.

Color disappears - what does it tell you about concentration of Fe/SCN complex?

Think in terms of Le Chatelier's principle - what has to happen to lower Fe/SCN complex concentration?
 
  • #10
Wait, so NaF reacted with both Fe(NO3)3 and Fe(SCN)3 ?
F- ions displace both NO3- ions and SCN- ions? Or only SCN- ions?

I sort of get it now, the complex ion's concentration has decreased that's why it turned colourless, yeah?
 
  • #11
You are right that concentration of complex decreased, but seems to me like you are missing something important. There is no Fe(NO3)3 in the solution - that was salt that was put in, but you can safely assume it was just dissociated. On the other hand, Fe/SCN complexes are real molecules/ions existing in the solution.
 
  • #12
chem_tr said:
Adding KNO3 to the medium increases the ionic strength, so solubilities show a general lowering in value.
I knew that solubility increases when the ionic strenght increases.
 

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