[Analysis] Derivative in Two Dimensions.

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on proving the differentiability of a function f: ℝ² -> ℝ at a point c, given that the directional derivative D1f exists and is continuous, while D2f exists at c. The key argument presented is that if D2f is continuous at c, then f is differentiable at that point. The function f(x, y) = x² sin(1/x) for x > 0 and 0 otherwise is analyzed, revealing that fy exists and is continuous near (0, 0), while fx exists but is not continuous in that neighborhood, indicating a potential issue with differentiability at that point.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of multivariable calculus, specifically differentiability in ℝ².
  • Familiarity with directional derivatives and their properties.
  • Knowledge of continuity and its implications for differentiability.
  • Experience with specific functions and their behavior, such as f(x, y) = x² sin(1/x).
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the implications of the continuity of partial derivatives on differentiability in multivariable functions.
  • Learn about the conditions under which a function is continuous at a point in ℝ².
  • Explore the concept of boundedness of partial derivatives and its relation to continuity.
  • Investigate examples of functions with discontinuous partial derivatives and their differentiability status.
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in mathematics, particularly those studying multivariable calculus, as well as researchers exploring the properties of differentiable functions in higher dimensions.

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Homework Statement



Let f : ℝ2 -> ℝ be some function that is defined on a neighborhood of a point c in ℝ2. If D1f (the derivative of f in the direction of e1) exists and is continuous on a neighborhood of c, and D2f exists at c, prove that f is differentiable at c.

Homework Equations



The only sufficient condition I have for a function to be differentiable at a point is that the partial derivatives exist and are continuous at that point.

The Attempt at a Solution



If I could show that D2f is continuous at c, then I would be done. To show that D2f is continuous at c, I have to be sure that

|D2f(x) - D2f(c)| < ε

when ||x - c|| is small (do I know that D2f(x) even exists for x ≠ c?). If f were continuous at c, then I think that I could argue that, since D2f(x) is close to some difference quotient of f at x and D2f(c) is close to some difference quotient of f at c (and these difference quotients can be made close to each other), then D2f(x) is close to D2f(c).

So now I am thinking of how to show that f is continuous. I know that if the partial derivatives are bounded on some region of c, then f is continuous at c. I think that the partial derivatives are bounded near c, but I am not totally sure. Could someone tell me if I am going in the right direction?
 
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f(x, y) = x2 sin(1/x) for x >0, 0 otherwise.
fy exists and is continuous in a neighbourhood of (0, 0).
fx exists but is not continuous in a neighbourhood of (0, 0).
Does this help to narrow down the possible approaches?
 

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