Angular acceleration of the disk as a function of time

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A disk with a radius of 21.0 cm is subjected to a tangential pull that accelerates a ball according to the equation a(t) = At, with A determined to be 0.533 m/s² based on the ball's acceleration of 1.60 m/s² at three seconds. The angular acceleration of the disk is expressed as 2.54 rad/s³ multiplied by time, and it reaches an angular speed of 12.0 rad/s after approximately 3.07 seconds. The participant initially struggled with part d but eventually found the solution. The discussion highlights the application of rotational dynamics principles in solving the problem.
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Homework Statement


A disk of radius 21.0cm is free to turn about an axle perpendicular to it through its center. It has very thin but strong string wrapped around its rim, and the string is attached to a ball that is pulled tangentially away from the rim of the disk (the figure ). The pull increases in magnitude and produces an acceleration of the ball that obeys the equation a(t)=At, where t is in seconds and A is a constant. The cylinder starts from rest, and at the end of the third second, the ball's acceleration is 1.60m/s^2 .

A) find A
B)Express the angular acceleration of the disk as a function of time.
c)How much time after the disk has begun to turn does it reach an angular speed of 12.0rad/s
Through what angle has the disk turned just as it reaches 12.0rad/s ? (Hint: See Section 2.6 in the textbook.)


Homework Equations



i solved a, b, &c, I'm stuck on part d

The Attempt at a Solution


for A, i got 0.533m/s^2, b)2.54rad/s^3(t), c)3.07s, d)?
for part d, I'm clueless on which formula to use
 
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NVM, i figured it out
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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