Depends on how the employer or the interviewer views the application for the different job. They might not take the new attempt seriously, as to think candidate is just trying to get any job. Not all employers are so narrow or cynical. Employer may wonder, "is this person serious, or just trying to get any job". Some will become suspicious if you later try to apply for some job for which you are seen as overqualified; and then employer will hire someone "whose exerience and training more closely match the job qualifications".
There WAS a time when I applied for a lesser-titled position with a company, and this was for a company to which I had several months previously had interview for a professional level position. The second interviewer meeting, the interviewer suggested, "maybe you should look for a professional level position"; but that was not the job currently under discussion at this second interview. I also, between the time of the two separate interviews, did spend time employed at a professional level lab job.