Astronomy: Sun azimuth from altitude, hour angle, and declination

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the sun's azimuth using altitude, hour angle, and declination. The user applied the formula Cosh * Sina = Cosδ * Sin H with specific values: altitude at 27.5°, declination at 7.2°, and hour angle at 300° (10:00 GMT+2). The calculated azimuth was -75.6°, which contradicted the expected value of 104° from the Stellarium program. The discrepancy prompted further investigation into the coordinate system used for measurement.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of celestial coordinate systems
  • Familiarity with trigonometric functions in astronomy
  • Knowledge of the concepts of altitude, declination, and hour angle
  • Experience with numerical applications in astronomy
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the azimuth calculation formula in celestial mechanics
  • Learn about the differences between measuring azimuth from various reference points
  • Explore the use of Stellarium for celestial navigation and verification of calculations
  • Investigate the impact of time zones on hour angle calculations
USEFUL FOR

Astronomy students, educators, and enthusiasts interested in celestial navigation and accurate solar position calculations will benefit from this discussion.

Frank Einstein
Messages
166
Reaction score
1

Homework Statement


Hi everybody, I am trying to do a numerical aplication of change of coordinate system to another; the objective is to calculate the azimut of the sun knowing the altitude, hour angle and declination .

Homework Equations



Cosh * Sina = Cosδ * Sin H
where a is the azimut
h is the altitude, in this case 27.5°
δ is the declination, in this case 7.2°
and H is the hour angle, in this case 10:00 on GTM+2; so 20h which is 300°

The Attempt at a Solution



Sina = [ Cosδ * Sin H ] / CosH

If I substitute the values, the azimut is -75.6°.
The problem is that if I check the value of the azimut on the program stellarium for august 12 2014, the date from where the data has been chosen, the azimut is of 104º, and I don't know why there is such a difference between my azimut and the program's, Can anyone help please?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
What does a negative azimuthal angle indicate?
Note 180-75.4=104.6
 
A negative azimut would mean that the location of the sun is north west is stead of north east, which is where it sould be before 14h.
About 180ºThat's true, but that would mean that I am measuring my azimut from the south pole, not that I am doing it from the north.
I will study the deduction of the equation to see if I was doing measuring from the south all along.
Thank you very much.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
5K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
2K