Atomic Orbitals vs. Molecular Orbitals and Hybridization

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the relationship between atomic orbitals, molecular orbitals, and hybridization, specifically in the context of sp3 hybridized carbon and hydrogen bonding. When hybrid atomic orbitals, such as sp3, overlap with atomic orbitals like 1s from hydrogen, molecular orbitals are indeed formed, resulting in one bonding molecular orbital and one antibonding molecular orbital. The bond formed in this scenario is classified as a sigma bond. The example of hydrogen bonding to carbon illustrates the fundamental principles of molecular orbital theory.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of atomic orbitals and their shapes
  • Knowledge of hybridization concepts, specifically sp3 hybridization
  • Familiarity with molecular orbital theory
  • Basic grasp of bonding types, including sigma and pi bonds
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the formation and characteristics of molecular orbitals in detail
  • Explore hybridization types beyond sp3, such as sp2 and sp
  • Study the concept of bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals
  • Examine tutorials on molecular orbital theory and its applications in chemistry
USEFUL FOR

Chemistry students, educators, and professionals interested in molecular bonding, hybridization, and molecular orbital theory will benefit from this discussion.

Avi_R
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Hey everyone! I was wondering, when orbitals are hybridized, new hybrid Atomic Orbitals (AO) are formed. Now, when these hybrid atomic orbotals bond with another atomic orbitals, are molecular orbitals formed? For example, when 2 Hydrogens bond to form H2, the 1s orbitals overlap to form 2 Molecular orbitals. One bonding Molecular orbital and one antibonding Molecular orbital. When a sp3 hybridized carbon bonds with a hydrogen, the sp3 AO of carbon overlaps with the 1s AO of hydrogen. What is the resultant Molecular Orbital that is formed? Are antibonding molecular orbitals formed with this type of overlap? Any good tutorials to explain this?
 
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The bond between an sp3 carbon and a hydrogen is called a sigma bond. There will of course be bonding and anti-bonding orbitals.
 

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