Ball Dropped in Tunnel Through Earth: What Happens Next?

  • Context: High School 
  • Thread starter Thread starter vikasj007
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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around a hypothetical scenario where a ball is dropped into a tunnel that goes through the center of the Earth. Participants explore the dynamics of the ball's motion, including its oscillation, travel time, and the effects of gravity as it moves through the tunnel.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants suggest that the ball will oscillate indefinitely if air resistance is ignored.
  • Others propose that the ball would take approximately 42 minutes to travel from one end of the tunnel to the other.
  • A participant calculates a travel time of 59.75 minutes, arguing that the period of the ball's motion is not the same as that of a satellite orbiting the Earth.
  • There is a discussion about the linear decrease of gravity as one moves from the surface to the center of the Earth, with some participants unsure of the proof for this result.
  • One participant presents a mathematical approach to determine the travel time using gravitational equations.
  • Another participant compares the scenario to a pendulum, suggesting that the time taken is independent of tunnel length.
  • Some participants express confusion over the calculations and analogies presented, indicating a lack of consensus on the methods used.
  • There is mention of Coriolis effects, although the original post specifies a tunnel connecting the poles, which would not be affected by such effects.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the travel time of the ball and the applicability of various physical analogies. There is no clear consensus on the exact dynamics of the ball's motion or the implications of gravity's variation within the Earth.

Contextual Notes

Some calculations depend on assumptions about uniform density and neglecting air resistance. The discussion includes various mathematical approaches and analogies that may not fully account for the complexities of the scenario.

  • #61
The non generated one is just for :
G = 6.667428*10^-11 _m^3 _kg^-1 _s^-2
 
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  • #62
K.J.Healey said:
Heres how i did it in mathematica:
<br /> F= -G m M /r[t]{}^{\wedge}2<br />
<br /> -\frac{G m M}{r(t)^2}<br />

<br /> U=\text{Integrate}[F,r[t]]<br />
<br /> \frac{G m M}{r(t)}<br />

<br /> \rho = \text{ME}/((4/3)*\text{Pi}*\text{RE}{}^{\wedge}3)<br />
<br /> \frac{3 \text{ME}}{4 \pi \text{RE}^3}<br />

M=\rho *(4/3)*\text{Pi}*r[t]{}^{\wedge}3<br />
<br /> \frac{\text{ME} r(t)^3}{\text{RE}^3}<br />

T=(1/2)m (r&#039;[t]){}^{\wedge}2<br />
<br /> \frac{1}{2} m r&#039;(t)^2<br />

<br /> L=T-U<br />
<br /> \frac{1}{2} m r&#039;(t)^2-\frac{G m \text{ME} r(t)^2}{\text{RE}^3}<br />
Since I don't use Mathematica I can't comment on your use of it, but your potential energy term is incorrect.

The force is:
F = -\frac{m M G}{R^3} r

So:
U = \frac{m M G}{2 R^3} r^2
 
Last edited:
  • #63
Ah that's totally it, can't integrate F = GmM/r^2 to U when M is a function of R.
 

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