Ball Dropped in Tunnel Through Earth: What Happens Next?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the hypothetical scenario of dropping a ball through a tunnel that passes through the Earth's center. Participants agree that, neglecting air resistance and heat, the ball would oscillate indefinitely, with a calculated travel time of approximately 42 minutes for a one-way trip. The gravitational force decreases linearly as the ball descends, leading to a unique oscillation period that mirrors that of a satellite in orbit. The mathematical analysis involves concepts such as simple harmonic motion and the gravitational force equation, resulting in a period of about 84 minutes for a complete oscillation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of simple harmonic motion and oscillation principles
  • Familiarity with gravitational force equations, specifically g = GM/r²
  • Knowledge of pendulum mechanics and its mathematical representation
  • Basic calculus for solving differential equations related to motion
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the mathematical derivation of the period of a simple pendulum, T = 2π√(l/g)
  • Explore the implications of varying gravitational force in non-uniform density models of Earth
  • Investigate the relationship between oscillation periods of satellites and objects in gravitational fields
  • Learn about the effects of air resistance and heat on objects in free fall through a vacuum
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physicists, engineering students, and anyone interested in gravitational physics and oscillatory motion. It provides insights into theoretical models of motion through gravitational fields and the complexities involved in real-world applications.

  • #61
The non generated one is just for :
G = 6.667428*10^-11 _m^3 _kg^-1 _s^-2
 
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  • #62
K.J.Healey said:
Heres how i did it in mathematica:
<br /> F= -G m M /r[t]{}^{\wedge}2<br />
<br /> -\frac{G m M}{r(t)^2}<br />

<br /> U=\text{Integrate}[F,r[t]]<br />
<br /> \frac{G m M}{r(t)}<br />

<br /> \rho = \text{ME}/((4/3)*\text{Pi}*\text{RE}{}^{\wedge}3)<br />
<br /> \frac{3 \text{ME}}{4 \pi \text{RE}^3}<br />

M=\rho *(4/3)*\text{Pi}*r[t]{}^{\wedge}3<br />
<br /> \frac{\text{ME} r(t)^3}{\text{RE}^3}<br />

T=(1/2)m (r&#039;[t]){}^{\wedge}2<br />
<br /> \frac{1}{2} m r&#039;(t)^2<br />

<br /> L=T-U<br />
<br /> \frac{1}{2} m r&#039;(t)^2-\frac{G m \text{ME} r(t)^2}{\text{RE}^3}<br />
Since I don't use Mathematica I can't comment on your use of it, but your potential energy term is incorrect.

The force is:
F = -\frac{m M G}{R^3} r

So:
U = \frac{m M G}{2 R^3} r^2
 
Last edited:
  • #63
Ah that's totally it, can't integrate F = GmM/r^2 to U when M is a function of R.
 

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