Birds Colliding mid-air, Conservation of Momentum

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on a physics problem involving the conservation of momentum during a collision between a peregrine falcon and a raven. The falcon, weighing 560g and traveling at 19.0 m/s, collides with a 1.60 kg raven flying at 9.0 m/s. After the collision, the falcon bounces back at 5.0 m/s. The participant calculated the final velocities of the raven using the momentum equation p=mv, but arrived at an incorrect angle of 37° for the change in the raven's direction. The key takeaway is that momentum is conserved separately in the x and y axes, and the participant miscalculated the raven's final velocity in the y direction.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of conservation of momentum principles
  • Familiarity with vector components in physics
  • Knowledge of basic kinematics and collision equations
  • Ability to perform trigonometric calculations, specifically using the arc tangent function
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  • Review the principles of conservation of momentum in two dimensions
  • Study vector decomposition and how to resolve velocities into components
  • Practice solving collision problems involving elastic and inelastic collisions
  • Learn how to apply trigonometric functions to determine angles in physics problems
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Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and momentum, as well as educators looking for examples of collision problems in real-world scenarios.

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Homework Statement


To protect their young in the nest, peregrine falcons will fly into birds of prey (such as ravens) at high speed. In one such episode, a 560g falcon flying at 19.0m/s hit a 1.60kg raven flying at 9.0m/s . The falcon hit the raven at right angles to its original path and bounced back at 5.0m/s . (These figures were estimated by the author as he watched this attack occur in northern New Mexico.)

By what angle did the falcon change the raven's direction of motion?


Homework Equations


p=mv


The Attempt at a Solution


I set the falcon to be the y direction, and the raven to be the x direction. Using conservation of momentum, I came up with
(19 m/s)(0.56 kg) = (-5 m/s)(0.56 kg) + (1.6 kg) (vy) to find the y component of the end velocity of the raven. I got 6.825 m/s as the answer
(9 m/s)(1.6 kg) = (1.6 kg)(vx) to find the x component of the end velocity of the raven. I got 9 m/s as the answer.
Using the arc tangent of those two numbers, I got 37.1745483°, rounded to two significant figures, that is 37°, however this answer is incorrect. I'm not sure what I'm doing wrong, could someone please help?
 
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Momentum in x and y are separately conserved. So if the falcon (moving in y) bounces back in the same direction (y) then it only changes the momentum of the raven in the y axis. The momentum of the raven in the x-axis is unchanged. I think!
 

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