Bohr frequency of an expectation value?

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around a two-state quantum system characterized by a Hamiltonian and an observable. The original poster seeks to determine the Bohr frequency of the expectation value of the observable given the initial state of the system.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster expresses confusion regarding the meaning of the problem and the steps needed to find the Bohr frequency. They attempt to express the initial state in terms of the Hamiltonian's eigenstates and question the relevance of the larger eigenvalue of the observable.
  • Some participants suggest finding the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the observable, while others clarify the need to calculate the expectation value of the observable over time.
  • One participant calculates the expectation value and questions how to derive the Bohr frequency from it.

Discussion Status

Contextual Notes

Participants are working under the constraints of a homework assignment, which may limit the information they can share or the methods they can use. The original poster's confusion indicates a need for deeper understanding of the concepts involved.

vector
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Homework Statement



Consider a two-state system with a Hamiltonian defined as

\begin{bmatrix}
E_1 &0 \\
0 & E_2
\end{bmatrix}

Another observable, ##A##, is given (in the same basis) by

\begin{bmatrix}
0 &a \\
a & 0
\end{bmatrix}

where ##a\in\mathbb{R}^+##.

The initial state of the system is ##\lvert\psi(0)\rangle = \lvert a_1\rangle##, where ##\lvert a_1\rangle## is the eigenstate corresponding to the larger of the two possible eigenvalues of ##A##. What is the frequency of oscillation (the Bohr frequency) of the expectation value of ##A##?

Homework Equations



Equations for finding an expectation value?

The Attempt at a Solution



I expressed ##\lvert\psi(0)\rangle = \alpha_1 \lvert E_1\rangle + \alpha_2 \lvert E_2\rangle##, and so ##\lvert\psi(t)\rangle = \alpha_1 e^{-iE_1 t/\hslash} \lvert E_1\rangle + \alpha_2 e^{-iE_2t/\hslash}\lvert E_2\rangle##.

Do I now need to find the expectation value of ##A## and then see what is in an exponent defined in terms of the difference of ##E_1## and ##E_2##? But what is the use of the fact that ##a_1## is the larger eigenvalues of the two?

I'm lost here, as I don't understand what this question actually means. I'd appreciate if someone could please clarify, preferably in detail, what one is supposed to do to solve this problem, and the exact meaning of the problem.
 
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First find the eigenvalues and the corresponding eigenvectors of ##A##. Then choose the eigenvector of the larger eigenvalue of ##A## to be ##|\psi(0)\rangle## and calculate its time evolution.
 
I've calculated the eigenvector corresponding to ##a_1## to be ##1/\sqrt{2} (1, 1)##, so I think ##\lvert \psi(0) \rangle = 1/\sqrt{2} ( \lvert E_1 \rangle + \lvert E_2 \rangle)##. So the expectation value appears to be ##1/2 (E_1+E_2)##. But how can we read the Bohr frequency from here?
 
You've written down the expectation value of ##H##. You're being asked to calculate ##\langle \psi(t) \lvert A \rvert \psi(t)\rangle##.
 
Thanks, I managed to do the question. The Bohr frequency turned out to be ##\frac{E_2-E_1}{\hbar}##, if I was correct.
 
vector said:
Thanks, I managed to do the question. The Bohr frequency turned out to be ##\frac{E_2-E_1}{\hbar}##, if I was correct.
Yes.
 

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