Bunch of Nuclear Physics Question, Please help me.

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the fundamental forces that determine the size of an atom, exploring the roles of gravitation, electromagnetic force, weak force, and strong force. Participants are examining theoretical aspects of nuclear physics and atomic structure.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant asks which fundamental force decides the size of an atom.
  • Another participant outlines the four fundamental forces and suggests that the electromagnetic force, particularly through Coulomb's law, primarily determines atomic size, although it is not the sole influence.
  • A different participant questions the meaning of "size of atom," proposing that if considering effective size, it could be infinite due to the nature of the Coulomb force, which might overshadow other forces.
  • Another participant asserts that among the four forces, only electromagnetic force is significant at the atomic scale, noting that the size of an atom is approximately the Bohr radius, which is influenced by the strength of the charge.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the influence of various fundamental forces on atomic size, with no consensus reached on the definition of "size of atom" or the relative importance of the forces involved.

Contextual Notes

There are ambiguities regarding the definition of atomic size and the implications of the Coulomb force, which may lead to different interpretations of the forces at play.

Gigacore
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1. What fundamental force will decide the size of an atom?

still I've more to ask. . . waiting for reply
 
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There are following fundamental forces:

Gravitation: long distance force
electromagnetic force: Coulomb law
Weak force: is important in beta decay
Strong force: holds nucleons (proton, etc.) together

Since the electrons are kept near the nucleus because of the attractive Coulomb potential, the electromagnetic force decides the size of an atom.

However, in practice, this isn't just the influence of the electromagnetic force which decides the size of the atom. But it plays the leading role.
 
The problem here is what you mean when you say "size of atom". If you mean the effective size of an atom, it goes infinity because of coulomb force, and so coulomb force eleminate the other forces.
 
Of the 4 forces, the only one that matters is E&M - the others are too weak on the atomic scale. You can see this explicitly since the size of an atom is roughly of order the Bohr radius, which goes like 1/e^2 (so the weaker the charge, the larger the atom, as you might expect).
 

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