Calculate a values given equation of state for gases

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on determining the sign of the constant "a" in the equation of state Vm = (RT/P) - (a/T) for various gases: H2, He, CH4, and CO2. Participants conclude that H2 and He likely have negative "a" values due to minimal intermolecular attractions, while CH4 may also be negative due to weak dipoles. CO2 is expected to have a positive "a" value because of its strong dipole interactions. The analysis emphasizes the relationship between molecular structure and intermolecular forces in predicting the sign of "a".

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the Van der Waals equation and its components
  • Familiarity with intermolecular forces and their effects on gas behavior
  • Basic knowledge of critical values in thermodynamics
  • Concept of dipole moments in molecular chemistry
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the Van der Waals equation and its applications in real gas behavior
  • Study the concept of intermolecular forces and their impact on gas properties
  • Learn about dipole moments and their significance in molecular interactions
  • Explore the relationship between molecular structure and critical properties of gases
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Chemistry students, thermodynamics enthusiasts, and professionals analyzing gas behavior in various applications will benefit from this discussion.

TehDarkArchon
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Calculate "a" values given equation of state for gases

Homework Statement



For my equation of state:
Vm = (RT/P) - (a/T)
what kind of sign for the constant a (positive or
negative) do you think the following gases will have and why:
a. H2 b. He c. CH4 d. CO2
Hint: There is almost no math involved.


Homework Equations


Vm = (RT/P) - (a/T) (obviously, lol)
I'm thinking critical values also might play a role, but since my professor stated that nearly no math is involved, I'm thinking that the answers are mostly derived from the given equation.


The Attempt at a Solution


Honestly I have no idea where to start with this. I know in the standard Van der Waal's equation that the a values represent the error intermolecular attractions, and that the values for hydrogen and helium are very small because they basically have no attraction. I'm guessing negative values would represent intermolecular repulsion...any help is appreciated
 
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TehDarkArchon said:

Homework Statement



For my equation of state:
Vm = (RT/P) - (a/T)
what kind of sign for the constant a (positive or
negative) do you think the following gases will have and why:
a. H2 b. He c. CH4 d. CO2
Hint: There is almost no math involved.


Homework Equations


Vm = (RT/P) - (a/T) (obviously, lol)
I'm thinking critical values also might play a role, but since my professor stated that nearly no math is involved, I'm thinking that the answers are mostly derived from the given equation.


The Attempt at a Solution


Honestly I have no idea where to start with this. I know in the standard Van der Waal's equation that the a values represent the error intermolecular attractions, and that the values for hydrogen and helium are very small because they basically have no attraction. I'm guessing negative values would represent intermolecular repulsion...any help is appreciated

As an educated guess,

I think the answer should relate to the number of atoms in a mole.

where 2,1,5,3 respectfully
 


I think the answer is going to be something like CH4 and H2 are negative because they possesses essentially no dipoles (especially H2, since it has no intermolecular interactions as H+ ions, much less as inert H2) while He would be weakly positive due to possessing some Van der Waals force and CO2 would be high positive due to having strong dipoles. However, this isn't based off the equation at all, but maybe it's a leap in the right direction.
 

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