Calculate shadow path & size + object size based on distance

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To calculate the shadow path and size of a 2D circle moving in a 3D space, consider the circle's radius, position, and the light source's fixed position above the circle. The shadow's size will depend on the distance from the light source and the circle's movement path. Understanding 3D projection techniques is essential for accurate calculations, as the shadow's geometry is influenced by the circle's position relative to the light source. Algebraic methods can be used to implement the geometric principles involved. Familiarizing yourself with perspective transformations will aid in visualizing and calculating the shadow's behavior.
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What are the variables I need to take in account if I want to calculate shadow path and size?
I will try to simplify my questions.

I have a 2d circle (radius: 28) which means the size of the circle (in box) is 56x56 at specific point (lets say 300,300).

I tell the 2d circle to go in specific path, let's say from 300,300 to 300,200.

I want to tell its shadow what path to do based on the 2d circle path.

ofcourse the size of the ball need to be calculated aswell..

I guess I need some extra variables because I am talking about 3d space in 2d.. (lets say the "sun" is always above the ball so u don't need to calculate its degrees from the "sun", only its distance)
I am pretty sure it's possible but I have no idea how to calculate and what extra variables I need...
Hopefully you understood what I want, if u didnt just tell me which part and I will try to re-explain or something.

Thanks
 
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