Calculating Acceleration: Basic Question on F=ma in AP Physics

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating acceleration using Newton's second law (F=ma) in the context of an astronaut and a satellite. An astronaut with a mass of 75 kg exerts a force of 180 N on a 1700 kg satellite. The astronaut's acceleration is calculated as -2.4 m/s², while the satellite's acceleration is 0.105882 m/s². The mass of both the astronaut and the satellite is crucial for determining their respective accelerations, confirming that the astronaut will move away faster than the satellite.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion, particularly Newton's third law.
  • Familiarity with the formula F=ma for calculating acceleration.
  • Basic knowledge of mass and force units (kg and Newtons).
  • Ability to perform basic arithmetic operations involving fractions and negative numbers.
NEXT STEPS
  • Review Newton's laws of motion, focusing on practical applications in physics problems.
  • Practice calculating acceleration using F=ma with varying masses and forces.
  • Explore the implications of mass on acceleration in different scenarios, such as in space.
  • Investigate the effects of external forces on objects in motion, particularly in a microgravity environment.
USEFUL FOR

Students taking AP Physics, educators teaching physics concepts, and anyone interested in understanding the principles of motion and force interactions in a space context.

Oliviam12
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I know this is rather basic, but some how I confused myself... The question is:

An astronaut of mass 75 kg performs repair work on the 1700 kg satellite, while floating right next to it. He exerts a force of 180 N on the satellite.
What is his acceleration as a consequence of this, and what is the acceleration
of the satellite?

Ok, I know the force acting on the satellite is 180 N and the force acting on the astronaut is -180 N, because Newtons 3rd law (F=-F)

Now here is my main question. I know to solve I need to Use F=MA for both the astronaut and satellite but, is their mass relevant?

So is it:
Astronaut:
F/M =A
-180/75 =A OR -180/75=A
-2.4 m/(s^2) und =A

Satellite:
180/1700 =A or 180/0= A
.105882 m/s^2 =A und=A

Sorry, for asking such a duh! kind of question but, I am taking AP Physics as an online course and the grading policy is crazy and the teacher and course mat'ls are useless.
 
Last edited:
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Yes, their mass is relevant. The astronaut will move away faster than the satellite will. The formulas for the acceleration that you have are correct.
 
Thanks, I just needed someone to make sure I wasn't being stupid.
 

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