Calculating Flow Rate in a Converging Nozzle System

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on calculating the flow rate in a converging nozzle system using water from a pressure source. The user has determined the resistance coefficient using Crane's Manual and is conducting a pressure sweep in Excel, specifically at 100 psi. Key equations mentioned include the head loss equation hL = [k(v)^2]/(2g) and the pressure drop equation ΔP = (ρ*hL)/144. The user seeks clarification on whether ΔP refers to the pressure drop across the nozzle or from the inlet to the atmospheric outlet.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of fluid dynamics principles, specifically flow through nozzles.
  • Familiarity with Crane's Manual for resistance coefficients.
  • Proficiency in using Excel for data analysis and calculations.
  • Knowledge of basic equations related to pressure, flow rate, and head loss.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the application of the Bernoulli equation in nozzle flow calculations.
  • Learn about the significance of the resistance coefficient (k) in fluid systems.
  • Explore the relationship between pressure drop (ΔP) and flow rate (q) in converging nozzles.
  • Investigate the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools for simulating flow in nozzle systems.
USEFUL FOR

Engineers, fluid dynamics researchers, and anyone involved in designing or analyzing fluid systems, particularly those utilizing converging nozzles for applications like firefighting or industrial fluid transport.

npc214
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Hey everyone,

I have a fluid system of water coming from a pressure source. Then there is a converging nozzle, which I have calculated the resistance coefficient using Crane's Manual and it has an outlet to the atmosphere.
I have tried to simplify the system. The full system is a pressure source, converging nozzle which has outlet into original diameter at converging nozzle inlet followed by hose to outlet to atmosphere. (this is like a fire hose system - slightly different for my actual application)​

The pressure of the pressure source is my independent variable, I am doing a sweep in excel. So if it helps for simplicity, you can assume the pressure is 100 psi.

How do I calculate the flow rate (in GPM)? Do I need to take away the outlet of the system?

Currently I am thinking using:

hL = [k(v)^2]/(2g)
ΔP = (ρ*hL)/144
then what for q??

Or I am thinking q = K*A*(2*144*g*ΔP/ρ)
but then what is ΔP?? is it the pressure drop across the converging nozzle or is it the pressure drop from the inlet to outlet at atmospheric?
 
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