Calculating Net Force on an Electron using E(r) and mx

9 replies · 2K views · last reply
CBA
Messages
4
Reaction score
1
Homework Statement
An electron is shot at an initial velocity V0=V0ex into an inhomogeneous electric field, that has a width L. Electric field strength is E(r)=E0*sin(2pi*x/L)*ey(ex and ey being vectors), the force acting on the electron is given by: F=-e*E(r). Calculate the net force acting on the electron, the v(t) ,r(t) function in the domain [0, L/V0]and its vertical displacement.
Relevant Equations
F=m*a
I just insterted E(r) into F to get the net force. After that I wrote mx''=Fnet and I don't know how to proceed (supposing that's the right way).
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: Delta2
Hello @CBA , :welcome: !

CBA said:
I just insterted E(r) into F to get the net force.
Which way is it pointing ?

A drawing might be helpful ... :smile:
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: CBA
BvU said:
Hello @CBA , :welcome: !

Which way is it pointing ?

A drawing might be helpful ... :smile:
 
Attachments
  • Hand-drawn sketch, rotated, of a region between two vertical plates with horizontal arrows pointing right, labelled E(r); an electron (e-) with velocity v0 enters from the left; axes x and y; length L marked at the bottom.
    16113282676862206077488730455172.jpg
    25.6 KB · Views: 200
While the electric field does not vary with time, the particle experiences the changing magnitude of the electric field at different times as it moves through it. This introduces a time dependence in the force equation. Try to derive the time dependent force on the particle.
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: Delta2
Good start. However:
  • Where is ## x=0## and where is ##x=L##
  • You draw all ##|\vec E|\;## equal
  • You don't answer which way ##\vec F_{\text{net}}\; ## is pointing
 
I think that the "X" in E(r) is the displacement in the x-direction, which is simply v0*t and I just instert it into the formula for F,which is =mx'' and it's simply math from there.
 
CBA said:
the formula for F,which is =mx''
Almost, but not quite -- or better: definitely not.

1. The formula is ##\vec F = m\vec a## : the acceleration is in the direction of the force

2. The force acting on the electron is given by: ##\vec F=-e\;\vec E(\vec r)## : the force is in opposite direction wrt the field

3. E(r)=E0*sin(2pi*x/L)*ey should be read as $$\vec E(\vec r)=E_0\,\sin\left ({2\pi\,x\over L}\right ) e_y$$with ##e_y = \hat y## , the unit vector in the y-direction !

As you see, a lot can go wrong if you don't pay attention to the vector character !

How about an update of the drawing ?

##\ ##
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: CBA and Frabjous
Oh yes I forgot that it's in the Y-direction...
 
Attachments
  • Hand-drawn sketch rotated 90 degrees, with x and y axes in the top left, a vertical field region with arrows labelled E(r) and F(r), a velocity v0 with angle theta, and a length L marked at the bottom.
    1611409881091757463841328842081.jpg
    28.1 KB · Views: 182
Bertter than nothing, but a lot of room for improvement.
First of all
BvU said:
  • Where is ##{\bf x}## ## =0## and where is ##{\bf x}## ##= L\ ##
(you seem to think ##L## is in the y-direction)

And I would show only one of the two, not both. On a continuous y-axis

And my neck hurts from leaning over by ##\pi/2## :mad:
 
So how are we doing with this nice exercise ?