Calculating variance of momentum infinite square well

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the variance of momentum for a particle in an infinite square well, defined between x=0 and x=a. The variance is expressed as Var(p) = -

2, where

is determined to be 0. The calculation of involves integrating the square of the wave function, leading to the expression = ({\frac{n\pi\hbar}{a}})^2 * \frac{a}{2}. A key insight reveals that the factor of a/2 discrepancy arises from the normalization of eigenstates, which was initially overlooked.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics principles, specifically the infinite square well model.
  • Familiarity with the concept of wave functions and their normalization.
  • Knowledge of momentum operator in quantum mechanics, represented as p = -iħ ∂/∂x.
  • Ability to perform integration of trigonometric functions within the context of quantum mechanics.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the normalization of wave functions in quantum mechanics.
  • Learn about the implications of the momentum operator in different quantum systems.
  • Explore the derivation of expectation values in quantum mechanics.
  • Investigate the mathematical techniques for integrating products of sine functions.
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in quantum mechanics, particularly those focusing on wave functions and momentum calculations in confined systems. This discussion is beneficial for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of the infinite square well model and its implications in quantum physics.

Robsta
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Homework Statement


Work out the variance of momentum in the infinite square well that sits between x=0 and x=a

Homework Equations


Var(p) = <p2> - <p>2

$$ p = -i\hbar \frac{{\partial}}{\partial x} $$

The Attempt at a Solution


I've calculated (and understand physically) why <p> = 0

Now I'm calculating $$<p^2> = \int_{0}^{a} sin(\frac{nπx}a)(-\hbar^2)\frac{{\partial}^2}{\partial x^2}sin(\frac{nπx}a) dx$$

$$<p^2> = ({\frac{n\pi\hbar}{a}})^2 \int_{0}^{a} sin(\frac{nπx}a)sin(\frac{nπx}a) dx$$

$$ <p^2> = ({\frac{n\pi\hbar}{a}})^2 * \frac{a}2 $$

I'm out here by a factor of a/2 because of the integral and I'm not sure why, does anybody have any suggestions?
 
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You forgot to normalise your eigenstates.
 
Oh yes, that's exactly right, thanks very much. Was staring at this for ages, much appreciated :)
 

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