Can a magnetic field create angular momentum?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the question of whether a magnetic field can create angular momentum in a suspended object by aligning the spins of electrons. Participants explore theoretical implications, historical effects, and specific models related to this concept.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests that aligning electrons with a magnetic field could lead to a macroscopic change in angular momentum.
  • Another participant interprets this as a description of a permanent magnet motor, asserting that the answer is yes, a magnetic field can create angular momentum.
  • A different viewpoint clarifies that the proposed model does not involve alternating current, which is typically required for motors, and questions whether a strong stationary magnetic field could indeed result in a change in angular momentum.
  • One participant references the Einstein-de Haas effect, stating that total angular momentum is conserved and that the object would rotate to counteract the spin angular momentum.
  • Another participant expresses agreement with the reference to the Einstein-de Haas effect, indicating it aligns with their thoughts.
  • A participant provides links to the Feynman Lectures, discussing the historical context of the Einstein-de Haas experiments and their analysis in terms of classical electromagnetism.
  • One participant reiterates that their model does not describe a motor, emphasizing the use of direct current and a permanent magnet in a homopolar motor.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on whether the original proposal constitutes a motor and whether a magnetic field can create angular momentum. There is no consensus on the implications of the Einstein-de Haas effect or the applicability of the proposed model.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight various assumptions, such as the nature of the magnetic field (stationary vs. alternating) and the conditions under which angular momentum might be observed. The discussion includes references to historical experiments and theoretical frameworks that may not fully resolve the current inquiry.

BucketOfFish
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I know that magnetic fields can align objects with spin. In that case, if we suspend an object and turn on a magnetic field such that a significant number of electrons become aligned with the field, could we observe a macroscopic change in angular momentum?
 
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Aren't you describing a permanent magnet motor with the magnet as the rotor? The short answer is yes.
 
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I don't think I'm describing a motor. For one thing, there is no alternating current in my model, which is required even in a permanent magnet motor. I'm proposing to just dangle a block of some material in midair and then to apply an extremely strong stationary magnetic field. I know the field does interact with spins, causing the Zeeman effect, but I don't know if it's possible to see a change in angular momentum as a result.
 
This is the Einstein-de Haas effect. The total angular momentum is conserved so the object will rotate to counteract the spin angular momentum.
 
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Thanks, Truecrimson! This is exactly what I was thinking of!
 
See also the Feynman Lectures:

http://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/II_37.html#Ch37-F3

in particular Fig. 37-3 and the paragraph preceding it (you'll probably have to scroll the page up a bit).

Note that the Einstein-de Haas experiments were in 1915-16, about ten years before the invention/discovery of electron spin! They must have analyzed their results in terms of the surface bound current of the magnetized cylinder, in classical electromagnetism:

http://www.physicspages.com/2013/06/29/magnetization-bound-currents/

See Example 1 which discusses a cylinder with uniform longitudinal magnetization. If there really were a macroscopic current running azimuthally around the cylinder, it would have angular momentum due to the circular motion of the electrons.
 
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Ah great, Feynman always catches the interesting stuff.
 
BucketOfFish said:
I don't think I'm describing a motor. For one thing, there is no alternating current in my model, which is required even in a permanent magnet motor.

A homopolar motor uses DC and a permanent magnet.
 

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