Can High Velocity Cause Hailstones to Melt?

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around the conditions under which hailstones may melt upon impact with the Earth's surface, particularly focusing on the implications of high velocities, such as 824 m/s, and the transformation of kinetic energy during the impact.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Assumption checking, Conceptual clarification

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants explore the relationship between the velocity of hailstones and the likelihood of melting upon impact. Questions arise regarding the energy transformation during the impact and whether all kinetic energy converts to heat in the hailstone.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants questioning the assumptions about the impact speed and energy distribution. Some suggest that the high velocity required for melting may not be typical for hailstones, while others are seeking clarification on the mechanics involved.

Contextual Notes

There is a noted lack of specific data regarding the impact speed of hailstones and the conditions under which they strike the ground, which may influence the discussion.

dobbygenius
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Homework Statement
by reference to your answer in part (a), suggest whether hailstones are likely to melt on hitting the Earth's surface
Relevant Equations
mL=1/2mv^2
1646979827750.png

I'm pretty sure the hailstones are likely to melt/disperse because 824 m/s is a high velocity but can someone help me elaborate why it would melt?
 
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dobbygenius said:
Homework Statement:: by reference to your answer in part (a), suggest whether hailstones are likely to melt on hitting the Earth's surface
Relevant Equations:: mL=1/2mv^2I'm pretty sure the hailstones are likely to melt/disperse because 824 m/s is a high velocity but can someone help me elaborate why it would melt?
Do you mean to say the hailstones would melt? Or wouldn't melt?
 
PS I'm not sure why all the KE would transform to heat in the hailstone. Why wouldn't about half the energy go to heat in the ground at the point of impact?
 
PeroK said:
Do you mean to say the hailstones would melt? Or wouldn't melt?
yes, the hailstones would melt...but I don't know how to elaborate on that
 
PeroK said:
PS I'm not sure why all the KE would transform to heat in the hailstone. Why wouldn't about half the energy go to heat in the ground at the point of impact?
You're right I just followed what the question said 🤔
 
dobbygenius said:
yes, the hailstones would melt...but I don't know how to elaborate on that
With what speed do hailstones hit the Earth?
 
PeroK said:
With what speed do hailstones hit the Earth?
the first question asked to find the minimum speed for it to melt when it hits the surface and I found it to be 824 m/s but other than that both the first and second question didn't give any more data
 
dobbygenius said:
the first question asked to find the minimum speed for it to melt when it hits the surface and I found it to be 824 m/s but other than that both the first and second question didn't give any more data
Do you think hailstones hit the ground at ##824 \ m/s## or more? Have you ever seen hailstones?
 
dobbygenius said:
I'm pretty sure the hailstones are likely to melt/disperse because 824 m/s is a high velocity but can someone help me elaborate why it would melt?
Your reasoning is backwards. If it requires a very high velocity to melt the hailstones then that makes it relatively unlikely that hailstones would melt in practice.
So the question is, is such a high impact speed likely?
PeroK said:
PS I'm not sure why all the KE would transform to heat in the hailstone. Why wouldn't about half the energy go to heat in the ground at the point of impact?
Because most of the inelastic deformation would be in the ice.
 
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haruspex said:
Because most of the inelastic deformation would be in the ice.
That's a subtle assumption. It depends what the hailstones hit. Large hailstones may damage a car roof, for example, causing inelastic deformation of the metal.
 
  • #11
PeroK said:
Do you think hailstones hit the ground at ##824 \ m/s## or more? Have you ever seen hailstones?
No, I just looked it up, should've done it earlier
 
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  • #12
haruspex said:
Your reasoning is backwards. If it requires a very high velocity to melt the hailstones then that makes it relatively unlikely that hailstones would melt in practice.
So the question is, is such a high impact speed likely?

Because most of the inelastic deformation would be in the ice.
Right...thankyou!
 
  • #13
That would be a very noisy hailstorm! Lots and lots of little sonic booms :wink:
 
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