Can Time Differ in Nested Cylinders Traveling at Near-Light Speed?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relativistic effects of time as experienced by light traveling through nested cylinders moving at 0.9999 times the speed of light. Paul Murphy poses a question regarding whether light from a laser clock in Cylinder A, passing through the windows of Cylinders B and C, would record different time than light bouncing within an empty Cylinder A. The consensus is that the speed of light remains constant in a vacuum, regardless of the reference frame, but the presence of plasma in Cylinder C could alter the light's speed. This highlights the complexities of measuring time and light in relativistic contexts.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of special relativity and time dilation
  • Familiarity with the concept of reference frames
  • Knowledge of the behavior of light in different media, such as plasma
  • Basic principles of laser technology and clock synchronization
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the implications of special relativity on time measurement
  • Explore the effects of plasma on light speed and its applications
  • Study the concept of reference frames in depth
  • Investigate the use of laser clocks in experimental physics
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This discussion is beneficial for physicists, students of relativity, and anyone interested in the implications of high-speed travel on time and light behavior.

pmurphy4
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There is a hollow cylinder out in space (Cylinder A), shaped like a giant soda straw. Inside the cylinder are mirror-laser clocks keeping time by bouncing light back and forth across the Cylinder A's diameter.

A similar cylinder of slightly smaller diameter (Cylinder B) is traveling at .9999 of the speed of light relative to Cylinder A. In addition to the mirror clocks, it has several evenly spaced holes along its sides, like the windows of an airliner. From a relatively stationary point outside of Cylinder A, Cylinder B appears to be traveling from right to left. Cylinder B also has a series of laser clocks, some placed opposite windows and some placed opposite mirrors within the cylinder, so its lasers can point at a mirror inside itself or shoot a laser out of a window.

Cylinder C is similar to Cylinder B, except it is slightly smaller in diameter. Cylinder C is traveling at .9999 of the speed of light from left to right relative to Cylinder A.

Cylinder B passes through Cylinder A and Cylinder C passes through Cylinder B, which is also inside of Cylinder A, so that all three cylinders appear to line up perfectly for an instant for an observer standing relatively stationary outside of Cylinder A.

If the light from a laser clock in Cylinder A travels through the windows of the other nested cylinders' walls, ABCCBABCCBA, will the time recorded be different than when light just bounces back and forth through the diameter of an empty Cylinder A?

If "No", because only the space actually occupied by the material moving with B and C (the cylinder walls) is in a different frame of reference than A, then what if Cylinder C held a plasma in a magnetic field that A's light passed through?

I'm sure you can think of many more variations of this scenario, like half-silvered mirrors bouncing light off different combinations of mirrors in different cylinders and making the light zig zag left and right down the length of the B and C cylinders before returning to a clock in A.

Thanks for your input!
-Paul Murphy
 
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Welcome to PF!

Hi Paul! Welcome to PF! :smile:
pmurphy4 said:
If the light from a laser clock in Cylinder A travels through the windows of the other nested cylinders' walls, ABCCBABCCBA, will the time recorded be different than when light just bounces back and forth through the diameter of an empty Cylinder A?

If "No", because only the space actually occupied by the material moving with B and C (the cylinder walls) is in a different frame of reference than A …

"the space actually occupied … is in a different frame of reference than A" …

nooo … space is in all reference frames …

a reference frame isn't a physical object, it's just a way of measuring … it measures anything, at any speed, and in any combinations.

light passing through space in cylinder B (or C) isn't like light passing through air … the air will be moving at the same speed as B, and the speed of light through that air will depend on that speed … but the speed of light through (empty) space is c anyway. :wink:
, then what if Cylinder C held a plasma in a magnetic field that A's light passed through?

plasma slows light, just like air (not sure about the magnetic field, though :redface:)
 

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