Can Vector Fields be Extended to Submanifolds?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the extension of vector fields defined on an embedded submanifold M to a larger manifold M'. Participants explore the conditions under which such extensions are possible and raise questions about the nature of these extensions, particularly whether they are local or global.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions whether the submanifold M is required to be closed, suggesting that this might affect the extension of vector fields.
  • Another participant notes that the exercise does not explicitly state that M is closed and expresses uncertainty about the assumptions being made.
  • There is a discussion about the nature of extensions, with one participant suggesting that extensions are likely local rather than global, although they express uncertainty about their intuition.
  • A counterexample is provided regarding the function dt/t on (0,1) as a subset of IR, which cannot be extended to the whole of IR, raising questions about the conditions for extension.
  • Participants discuss the number of ways to extend a constant function defined on (0,1) to IR, considering both continuous and smooth extensions, and mention the lack of specification regarding the smoothness of the vector field X.
  • One participant admits to confusion regarding the exercise and seeks clarification, indicating a potential misunderstanding of the textbook material.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express uncertainty about the conditions for extending vector fields and whether the extensions are local or global. There is no consensus on the implications of the counterexample provided, and multiple viewpoints regarding the nature of extensions remain present.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the lack of clarity on whether M is a closed submanifold and the unspecified smoothness conditions for the vector field X. The discussion also reflects varying interpretations of the exercise from Lee's textbook.

Who May Find This Useful

Readers interested in differential geometry, particularly those studying vector fields on manifolds and the properties of submanifolds, may find this discussion relevant.

WWGD
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Hi: I am going over Lee's Riemm. mflds, and there is an exercise that asks:

Let M<M' (< is subset) be an embedded submanifold.


Show that any vector field X on M can be extended to a vector field on M'.

Now, I don't know if he means that X can be extended to the _whole_ of

M', because otherwise, there is a counterexample:


dt/t on (0,1) as a subset of IR cannot be extended to the whole of IR.


Anyone know?.


What Would Gauss Do?
 
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Are you sure M is not supposed to be a closed submanifold?
 
Hi. I did not see this stated, and I cannot see if it is being assumed somehow.

Only conditions I saw where that M<M' , and M embedded submanifold of M',

and a V.Field is defined in M.



Re the second issue, of extensions, I guess these extensions are local, tho

not necessarily global, right?. The answer would seem to be yes pretty

clearly, but my intuition has failed me before.
 
WWGD said:
Hi: I am going over Lee's Riemm. mflds, and there is an exercise that asks:

Let M [be a submanofld of] M'. Show that any vector field X on M can be extended to a vector field on M'.

...there is a counterexample:

dt/t on (0,1) as a subset of IR cannot be extended to the whole of IR.

Consider the function with constant value one on (0,1). How many ways can you extend it to R?
 
Chris Hillman said:
Consider the function with constant value one on (0,1). How many ways can you extend it to R?

Thanks, Chris, I am not sure I get the hint; there are uncountably many ways,

for a continuous extension, most obvious extension being f==1 in IR (attach

a line segment of slope m, m in (-oo,oo) , maybe

smaller cardinality for smooth extensions . For smoothness I would imagine

some combination of e^-x 's attached to both ends, or maybe some other

bump functions ( Lee does not specify if X is C^1 , or C^k, C^oo).

All I can think of when I think of immersed submanifolds is slice coordinates, tho

this does not seem to make sense for 1-manifolds like (0,1) in IR.


Am I on the right track?.
 
Mrmph... never mind the hint, I was looking at the wrong textbook in Lee's excellent trilogy, my mistake! Unfortunately you are using the one I don't have, but can you state the what exercise you are attempting? I might be able to obtain a copy next week. I expect we will be able to figure it out!
 
Last edited:
Yes, this is Lee's Riemannian mflds, problem 2.3, part b, p.15 in my edition.

Thanks.
 

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