Can we find at most two real roots for the equation x^4 + 4x + c = 0?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the equation x^4 + 4x + c = 0 and the inquiry into whether it can have at most two real roots. Participants explore the implications of differentiability and critical points in relation to the number of roots.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested, Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses confusion regarding the theorem related to finding roots and mentions the need to take the derivative.
  • Another participant references the Mean Value Theorem, suggesting that if there are two real roots, then certain conditions must hold, leading to the equation 4x^3 + 4 = 0.
  • A different participant notes a basic principle of graphing, stating that a graph can only change direction at critical points, which may imply limitations on the number of roots.
  • Another contribution asserts that since the function is a polynomial that is differentiable and continuous, the existence of two distinct roots leads to a contradiction based on the behavior of its derivative, f'(x) = 4x^2 + 4, which is always positive.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants present competing views regarding the number of real roots, with some arguing for the possibility of at most two roots based on derivative analysis, while others raise questions about the implications of critical points and continuity.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved assumptions regarding the values of c and the specific behavior of the function at different intervals, which may affect the conclusions drawn about the number of roots.

helpm3pl3ase
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This theorem is confusing me even though it is sittin right in front of me.. I am given an equation x^4 + 4x + c = 0 and asked to find at most two real roots??

I know we need to take the derivative, but from there I am lost.
 
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If [tex]f(x)[/tex] is differentiable in the open interval [tex](a,b)[/tex] and continuous on the closed interval [tex][a,b][/tex], then there is at least one point [tex]c[/tex] in [tex](a,b)[/tex] such that:

[tex]f'(c) = \frac{f(b)-f(a)}{b-a}[/tex]

Assume that there are two real roots [tex]c_{1}[/tex] and [tex]c_{2}[/tex] where [tex]c_{1} < c_{2}[/tex].Then [tex]f(c_{1}) = 0 = f(c_{2})[/tex].

Thus [tex]4x^{3} + 4 = 0[/tex]
 
Last edited:
basic principle of garphing: a graph can only change direction at a critical pont, and not always then.
 
x^(4) + 4x + c = 0
The function is a polynomial and is differentiable and continuous. Suppose a and b are distinct roots. There exists a c in which a<c<b such that 0 = f(b) - f(a). Since f'(x)= 4x^(2) + 4>0, f(a) != f(b). This is a contradiction; hence, a and b cannot both be roots.
 

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