The discussion centers on the mathematical concept of square roots and the implications of assigning multiple values to a variable. It is established that while the square root of 1 can yield both 1 and -1, a variable like X cannot simultaneously represent both values in the same equation. The participants clarify that when solving equations, one must choose a single value for X to maintain logical consistency. The confusion arises from misunderstanding the nature of square roots and the principle that an equation can have multiple solutions, but each instance must adhere to a single value for the variable in question. Ultimately, the conversation emphasizes the importance of clarity in mathematical definitions and operations.