Capacitor Energy with a Dielectric

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the energy of a dielectric-filled parallel-plate capacitor with specific parameters: plate area A = 15.0 cm², plate separation d = 5.00 mm, dielectric constant k = 3.00, and voltage V = 5.00 V. The energy calculations involve using the formula U = 1/2CV², with adjustments for the dielectric's presence and removal. Key results include U1 = 9.96 x 10^-10 J, U2 = 6.64 x 10^-10 J, and U3 = 1.32 x 10^-9 J, highlighting the importance of converting area from cm² to m² for accurate results.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of capacitor energy formulas, specifically U = 1/2CV².
  • Knowledge of dielectric constants and their effect on capacitance.
  • Ability to convert units, particularly area from cm² to m².
  • Familiarity with scientific notation and its application in physics calculations.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the impact of dielectric materials on capacitor performance.
  • Learn about energy storage in capacitors and related equations.
  • Explore unit conversion techniques in physics problems.
  • Investigate the effects of removing dielectrics on stored energy and work done.
USEFUL FOR

Students in physics, electrical engineering, and anyone involved in capacitor design or energy storage systems will benefit from this discussion.

JMaria
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Homework Statement


A dielectric-filled parallel-plate capacitor has plate area A = 15.0cm2 , plate separation d = 5.00mm and dielectric constant k = 3.00. The capacitor is connected to a battery that creates a constant voltage V = 5.00V . Throughout the problem, use ϵ0 = 8.85×10−12C2/N⋅m2 .

a)Find the energy U1 of the dielectric-filled capacitor.
b)The dielectric plate is now slowly pulled out of the capacitor, which remains connected to the battery. Find the energy U2 of the capacitor at the moment when the capacitor is half-filled with the dielectric.
c)The capacitor is now disconnected from the battery, and the dielectric plate is slowly removed the rest of the way out of the capacitor. Find the new energy of the capacitor, U3.
d)In the process of removing the remaining portion of the dielectric from the disconnected capacitor, how much work W is done by the external agent acting on the dielectric?

Homework Equations



a) U=1/2CV2
U=1/2(V2(kε0A)/2d)

b)((K+1)ε0AV2)/4d

c)[((K+1)2)ε0AV2]/8d

d)[((K2)-1)ε0AV2]/8d

The Attempt at a Solution



For part A, I got 9.96*10^-10 just by plugging those numbers given into the equation. I think I'm having an issue though with the scientific notation. I don't think I'm getting the right numbers. I used the A value and the d value in meters. I don't know if I was supposed to.

b)6.64*10-10

c) 1.32*10-9

d)6.64*10-10
 
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JMaria said:
I used the A value and the d value in meters. I don't know if I was supposed to.
##A## is an area; it should be in square meters.
 
So should I square the value first then convert it to meters? Am I plugging this in right?
For part A:

[(1/2)(8.85*10^-12)(3)(.225)]/(2*5*10^-3)
 
No, the area is 15 cm2. What is it in m2?


ehild
 
Is it .0015m^2?
 
Yes.
 

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