Solving a Meteorite Problem: What Equations Should I Use?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on solving a problem involving the impact of a meteorite on a planet's elliptical orbit. The key equations to consider include the law of conservation of momentum and the relationships governing elliptical orbits. Participants emphasize the need to determine the initial speed of the meteorite and how the impact alters the planet's eccentricity and velocity direction. The main objectives are to find the new eccentricity (e') in terms of the original eccentricity (e) and the angle (θ) of velocity shift, as well as the rotation angle of the major axis.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of elliptical orbits and their properties
  • Knowledge of the law of conservation of momentum
  • Familiarity with vector analysis in physics
  • Basic principles of orbital mechanics
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the law of conservation of momentum in the context of celestial mechanics
  • Study the equations governing elliptical orbits, particularly the relationship between eccentricity and angular displacement
  • Explore vector decomposition techniques for analyzing changes in velocity
  • Investigate the effects of external forces on orbital dynamics
USEFUL FOR

Students in physics or astronomy, particularly those studying orbital mechanics, as well as educators looking for problem-solving strategies related to celestial impacts and orbital changes.

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Homework Statement
A planet orbits around a star in an ellipse. eccentricity is equal to e, while at the farthest point from the star a meteorite crashes into it, the new velocity of the planet is the same size. But as a result of a meteorite impact, the direction of velocity shifts to an angle θ. which is between 0 degrees and 90 degrees if the eccentricity of the planet's new orbit is e'. Find
a. e' in term of e and θ
b. what angle will the major axis be rotated?(term of e , θ )
Relevant Equations
-
I don't know what principle or equation should I start thinking. The one I tried was using the law of conservation, but I found that I didn't know the speed of the meteorite. Anyone have any advice on what principles or equations I should use to get started?
 
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Yoppakung said:
Homework Statement:: A planet orbits around a star in an ellipse. eccentricity is equal to e, while at the farthest point from the star a meteorite crashes into it, the new velocity of the planet is the same size. But as a result of a meteorite impact, the direction of velocity shifts to an angle θ. which is between 0 degrees and 90 degrees if the eccentricity of the planet's new orbit is e'. Find
a. e' in term of e and θ
b. what angle will the major axis be rotated?(term of e , θ )
Relevant Equations:: -

I don't know what principle or equation should I start thinking. The one I tried was using the law of conservation, but I found that I didn't know the speed of the meteorite. Anyone have any advice on what principles or equations I should use to get started?
Please show us what you did.
 
Orodruin said:
Please show us what you did.

Orodruin said:
Please show us what you did.
As for the conservative equation, I can't find any relation to it as to which point is the starting point or which is the last point and now I'm trying to do is try to vector and solve the equation but it seems like I'm on the wrong track as well. Please suggest what principle I should start with and I will try to figure it out myself.
 
PF rules require you to show your effort, not just vaguely describe it.
 
You may want to search your textbook for some basic relationships relevant for an elliptic orbit.
 

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