Centrifuge - find centripetal acceleration

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating centripetal and tangential acceleration for a centrifuge designed to spin at 15,300 revolutions per minute (rev/min). The maximum centripetal acceleration calculated is 377,361.36 m/s² for a test tube located 14.7 cm from the rotation axis. The tangential acceleration, derived from the change in tangential speed over time, is determined to be 3.099 m/s² during the centrifuge's spin-up phase of 1 minute and 16 seconds. The correct formulas for these calculations were clarified, emphasizing the importance of understanding angular acceleration and its relationship to tangential acceleration.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of centripetal acceleration and its formula
  • Knowledge of angular acceleration and its relationship to tangential acceleration
  • Familiarity with rotational motion equations
  • Basic calculus for derivatives and rates of change
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of centripetal acceleration formulas
  • Learn about angular acceleration and its applications in rotational dynamics
  • Explore the relationship between linear and angular velocity
  • Investigate practical applications of centrifuges in laboratory settings
USEFUL FOR

Students in physics or engineering, particularly those focusing on dynamics and rotational motion, as well as professionals designing or utilizing centrifuges in scientific research.

dragonladies1
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Homework Statement


You are designing a centrifuge to spin at a rate of 15,300 rev/min.
(a) Calculate the maximum centripetal acceleration that a test-tube sample held in the centrifuge arm 14.7 cm from the rotation axis must withstand.
377361.36 m/s2

(b) It takes 1 min, 16 s for the centrifuge to spin up to its maximum rate of revolution from rest. Calculate the magnitude of the tangential acceleration of the centrifuge while it is spinning up, assuming that the tangential acceleration is constant.


Homework Equations


Is the correct equation for the tangential acceleration at[SUB=r*a?
If not, what is the correct formula(s)?

[h2]The Attempt at a Solution[/h2]
at=.147*377361.36=55472.12 m/s2
 
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I get the 377361.36 m/s2 answer. You are supposed to show how you got yours so we can find out where you went wrong . . .
I started with v = 2πrn/T where n is the number of turns and T the time taken.
Then the standard formula for centripetal acceleration can be used to finish it.
 


dragonladies1 said:

Homework Equations


Is the correct equation for the tangential acceleration at[SUB=r*a?
[/QUOTE]

No.
The tangential acceleration is the derivative with respect to time of the tangential
speed. It's also the component of acceleleration in a direction perpendicular to the radius.
For a constant angular acceleration, the acceleration is equal to

\frac { v_{final} - v_{initial} } { t_{final} - t_{initial} }

Just like linear acceleration.
 


Thank you. So let me make sure I got this correctly...for my problem:

Vfinal=(2*pi*.147)/(1/255)=235.53 m/s
Vinitial= 0
Tfinal=76 seconds
Tinitial=0

So...
235.53/76=3.099 m/s2


Is this correct?
 


Thank you very very much. I got the answer.
 

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