Changing Variables in PDEs: Understanding the Chain Rule

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the application of the chain rule in changing variables within partial differential equations (PDEs). Specifically, it addresses how to express differential operators such as \(\partial_t\), \(\partial_x\), and \(\partial_y\) when transitioning from variables \(x, y, t\) to new variables \(\xi, z, \tau\). The correct formulation involves using the chain rule to derive the relationships between the derivatives in the new variables, confirming that the process mirrors the approach used in ordinary differential equations. This method is essential for accurately transforming PDEs under variable changes.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of partial differential equations (PDEs)
  • Familiarity with the chain rule in calculus
  • Knowledge of differential operators
  • Basic concepts of variable transformations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of the chain rule in various types of differential equations
  • Explore advanced topics in variable transformations in PDEs
  • Learn about specific examples of PDEs and their solutions under variable changes
  • Investigate numerical methods for solving transformed PDEs
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, physicists, and engineers working with partial differential equations, as well as students seeking to deepen their understanding of variable transformations in mathematical modeling.

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Suppose you start with a function f(x,y,t) which satisfies some partial differential equation in the variables x,y,t. Suppose you make a change of variables x,y,t \to \xi,z,\tau, where \tau = g_\tau(x,y,t) and similarly for \xi and z. If you want to know what the differential operators \partial_t, \partial_x, and \partial_y look like in these variables, don't you need to do something like
<br /> \frac{\partial}{\partial t} = \frac{\partial}{\partial \tau}\frac{\partial \tau}{\partial t} + \frac{\partial}{\partial \xi}\frac{\partial \xi}{\partial t} + \frac{\partial}{\partial z}\frac{\partial z}{\partial t} = \frac{\partial}{\partial \tau}\frac{\partial}{\partial t}g_\tau + \frac{\partial}{\partial \xi}\frac{\partial}{\partial t} g_\xi+ \frac{\partial}{\partial z}\frac{\partial}{\partial t}g_z,<br />
and similarly for the other variables?
 
Last edited:
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Yes, that's right- you change variables in a differential equation (ordinary or partial) by using the chain rule just as you did.
 

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