Calculating Boiling Point of HF: ΔH and ΔS Equation Analysis

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SUMMARY

The boiling point of HF can be calculated using the equation ΔG = ΔH - TΔS, where ΔH is 7.53 kJ/mol and ΔS is 0.0257 kJ/(mol*K). The correct formula to find the temperature (T) at which the phase change occurs is T = ΔH/ΔS, leading to a calculated temperature of approximately 292.996 K. The discussion clarifies that ΔG equals zero at phase equilibrium, confirming that the derived equations are consistent with thermodynamic principles. The confusion around the equation ΔH = -ΔS*T is addressed, indicating it does not apply in this context.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermodynamic principles, specifically Gibbs free energy.
  • Familiarity with phase equilibrium concepts in chemistry.
  • Knowledge of the first and second laws of thermodynamics.
  • Basic proficiency in manipulating equations involving ΔH and ΔS.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the Gibbs free energy equation in thermodynamics.
  • Learn about phase transitions and their thermodynamic implications.
  • Explore the relationship between ΔH, ΔS, and temperature in chemical reactions.
  • Investigate common mistakes in thermodynamic calculations and how to avoid them.
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Chemistry students, thermodynamics learners, and professionals involved in chemical engineering or physical chemistry who seek to deepen their understanding of phase equilibria and thermodynamic calculations.

Dell
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find the boiling point of HF according to the following reaction

HF(L) --> HF(G)
ΔH=7.53 [KJ/mol]
ΔSsys=0.0257[KJ/(mol*K)]

i used the equation

ΔH=-ΔS*T
>>T=-ΔH/ΔS
>>T=-0.0257/7.53

T=-292.996°K

surely this is meant to be positive ?
have i used the wrong equation?? which other equation should i have used?
 
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Where does ΔH=-ΔS*T come from? Surely ΔG=0 at a phase equilibrium at constant temperature and pressure.
 
i don't know, i have it written in my workbook, could it be a mistake??

if ΔG=0
ΔG=H-ΔS*T
H=ΔS*T

and then it all works fine,,, but how do i know that ΔG=0,?

is there no equation that ΔH=-ΔS*T?/
 
Dell said:
how do i know that ΔG=0,?

This is a condition that applies to any two systems at equilibrium at constant pressure and temperature. It's derived in intermediate thermodynamics as a consequence of the first and second laws.

Dell said:
is there no equation that ΔH=-ΔS*T?/

There could be, but I haven't seen it, and it doesn't apply here.
 

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