Complex substitution into the equation of motion.

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on solving the equation of motion for a mass m in a rotating coordinate system, specifically under the condition where the external force F equals zero. The transformation from Cartesian coordinates to complex notation using z = x + iy simplifies the equation to a second-order ordinary differential equation (ODE): d²z/dt² + i2ω dz/dt - ω²z = 0. The solution to this ODE can be achieved through the substitution z = fe^(-iωt), confirming the validity of the transformation and the resulting dynamics.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of classical mechanics, particularly equations of motion.
  • Familiarity with rotating coordinate systems and angular velocity concepts.
  • Knowledge of complex numbers and their applications in physics.
  • Experience with solving ordinary differential equations (ODEs).
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the equation of motion in rotating frames.
  • Learn about the applications of complex numbers in physics, particularly in dynamics.
  • Explore methods for solving second-order ordinary differential equations.
  • Investigate the implications of angular momentum in non-inertial reference frames.
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physics students, mechanical engineers, and anyone involved in dynamics and motion analysis in rotating systems.

ultimateguy
Messages
122
Reaction score
1

Homework Statement


The equation of motion of a mass m relative to a rotating coordinate system is
m\frac{d^{2}r}{dt^2} = \vec{F} - m\vec{\omega} \times (\vec{\omega} \times \vec{r}) - 2m(\vec{\omega} \times \frac{d\vec{r}}{dt}) - m(\frac{d\vec{\omega}}{dt} \times \vec{r})

Consider the case F = 0, \vec{r} = \hat{x} x + \hat{y} y, and \vec{\omega} = \omega \hat{z}, with \omega a constant.

Show that the replacement of \vec{r} = \hat{x} x + \hat{y} y by z = x + iy leads to

\frac{d^{2}z}{dt^2} + i2\omega\frac{dz}{dt} - \omega^2z=0.

Note, This ODE may be solved by the substitution z=fe^{-i\omega t}

Homework Equations


None.

The Attempt at a Solution



I've calculated that -\vec{\omega} \times (\vec{\omega} \times z) = \omega^2 z.

As far as figuring out how -2(\vec{\omega} \times \frac{d\vec{r}}{dt}) -(\frac{d\omega}{dt} \times \vec{r}) gives i2\omega\frac{dz}{dt} I'm lost.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
I solved it. Turns out that -2(\vec{\omega} \times \frac{d\vec{r}}{dt}) = -2i\omega\frac{dz}{dt} and since F = 0 then \frac{d\omega}{dt} = 0.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 11 ·
Replies
11
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 26 ·
Replies
26
Views
3K
Replies
7
Views
3K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • · Replies 11 ·
Replies
11
Views
3K
Replies
11
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
3K