Condition for expectation value of an operator to depend on time

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the conditions under which the expectation value of a hermitian operator Q in a 1D harmonic oscillator potential depends on time. Specifically, it addresses two scenarios: when the particle is in a momentum eigenstate and when it is in an energy eigenstate. The key equation derived is \(\frac{d}{dt} = \frac{i}{\hbar} <[H,Q]> + <\frac{d}{dt}Q>\), which indicates that if the operator Q commutes with the Hamiltonian H, its expectation value remains constant over time. The participants express confusion regarding the application of this equation to determine the conditions for time dependence.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics principles, particularly harmonic oscillators.
  • Familiarity with hermitian operators and their properties.
  • Knowledge of the Hamiltonian operator and its role in quantum systems.
  • Basic grasp of the virial theorem in quantum mechanics.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the implications of the commutation relation \([H,Q] = 0\) on the time dependence of operators.
  • Explore the concept of momentum and energy eigenstates in quantum mechanics.
  • Learn about the virial theorem and its applications in quantum systems.
  • Investigate the mathematical derivation of the time evolution of expectation values in quantum mechanics.
USEFUL FOR

Students of quantum mechanics, physicists studying harmonic oscillators, and anyone interested in the time evolution of quantum operators.

AlexCdeP
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Homework Statement



A particle is in a 1D harmonic oscillator potential. Under what conditions will the
expectation value of an operator Q (no explicit time dependence) depend on time if
(i) the particle is initially in a momentum eigenstate?
(ii) the particle is initially in an energy eigenstate?

Homework Equations



The first two parts of this question required me to show that

\frac{d}{dt}<Q> = \frac{i}{hbar} <[H,Q]> + <\frac{d}{dt}Q>

Q is any hermitian operator. I did this fine and then derived the virial theorem from this, which is where the rate of change of the expectation for Q is zero. I'm assuming I'm supposed to use this equation to find the conditions, but to be perfectly honest I have no idea how to approach this at all.

I know that if the operator commutes with the Hamiltonian H then it will have no dependence on time, but how can I use this to answer the question?
 
Last edited:
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Please delete this post.
 
Last edited:
davidchen9568 said:
Please delete this post.

Thanks for the help david, what a complete waste of both of our time. Maybe it's far too obvious for you? I have no idea what's wrong with my post, so it'd be great if you could enlighten me.
 
I think David meant he wanted his post deleted, not your thread.
 
Oh sorry, apologies if that's the case.
 

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